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dpkg is used to install, remove, and provide information about .deb packages. dpkg (Debian Package) itself is a low-level tool. APT (Advanced Package Tool), a higher-level tool, is more commonly used than dpkg as it can fetch packages from remote locations and deal with complex package relations, such as dependency resolution.
When packages are being installed, debconf asks the user questions which determine the contents of the system-wide configuration files associated with that package. After package installation, it is possible to go back and change the configuration of a package by using the dpkg-reconfigure program, or another program such as Synaptic.
Diagram showing an example file structure of a .deb file Frhed hex editor displaying the raw data of a Debian package. Prior to Debian 0.93, a package consisted of a file header and two concatenated gzip archives. [6] Since Debian 0.93, a deb package is implemented as an ar archive. [7] This archive contains three files in a specific order: [8] [9]
dpkg: Originally used by Debian and now by Ubuntu. Uses the .deb format and was the first to have a widely known dependency resolution tool, APT. The ncurses-based front-end for APT, aptitude, is also a popular package manager for Debian-based systems; Entropy: Used by and created for Sabayon Linux.
APT was originally designed as a front end for dpkg to work with Debian's .deb packages. A version of APT modified to also work with the RPM Package Manager system was released as APT-RPM . [ 29 ] The Fink project has ported APT to Mac OS X for some of its own package management tasks, [ 30 ] and APT is also available in OpenSolaris .
A typical input of the Debian build tools: three files constituting the source package (the bottom) and the unpacked source tree with a debian subdirectory added there by the package maintainer. The Debian build toolchain is a collection of software utilities used to create Debian source packages ( .dsc ) and Debian binary packages ( .deb files ...
Wajig is a simplified wrapper to Debian's package management system dpkg/APT. Wajig provides the functionality of apt-get, dpkg, dpkg-deb, apt-cache and other tools. These tools launch as a subprocess. Wajig also provides extra functionality beyond that of the stock apt and dpkg tools.
GDebi can install a local .deb file via the command line like the dpkg command, but with access to repositories to resolve dependencies. [123] Other graphical front-ends for APT include Software Center , [ 124 ] Synaptic [ 125 ] and Apper .