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A reed pipe comprises a metal tongue (the reed) which rests against a shallot, in which is carved a tunnel. The reed and shallot are held in place by a wooden wedge. This assembly protrudes from the underside of the block and hangs down into the boot. A tuning wire is inserted through the boot and is bent to hold the reed against the shallot.
Relationship between number of feet, octave and size of an open flue pipe (1′ = 1 foot = about 32 cm) Play ⓘ Scaling is the ratio of an organ pipe's diameter to its length. The scaling of a pipe is a major influence on its timbre. Reed pipes are scaled according to different formulas than for flue pipes.
In a rank of stopped pipes, the lowest pipe is 4 feet in length but sounds at unison pitch—that is, at the same pitch as an 8 ′ open pipe—so it is known as an 8 ′ stop. Reed pipes are also labeled the same as that of an open pipe with the same pitch, regardless of the actual length of the pipe.
Reed A reed stop at 8 ft pitch on the manuals with a tone similar to that of a bassoon. Dulciana Dulziana String An 8 ft pitch metal string stop. Usually the softest stop on an organ. Fagotto (Italian) Fagot (Dutch) Fagott (German) Bassoon (English) Basson (French) Reed: A 16 ft or 8 ft pitch chorus reed.
On a slotted metal pipe, some or all of the metal cut out to make the slot is rolled up so the slot can effectively be shortened or lengthened, thus changing the pitch of the pipe. On a slotted wooden pipe, a wooden slider is provided to shorten or lengthen the slot. A stopped pipe (wood or metal) is usually tuned by moving its stopper up or down.
Ophicleide (/ ˈ ɒ f ɪ k l aɪ d / OFF-ih-klyde) and Contra Ophicleide are powerful pipe organ reed pipes used as organ stops. The name comes from the early brass instrument, the ophicleide, forerunner of the euphonium. The Ophicleide is generally at 16 ft pitch, and the Contra Ophicleide at 32 ft.
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The idea for the free reed was derived from the Chinese sheng through Russia after 1750, and the first Western free-reed instrument was made in 1780 in Denmark. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] More portable than pipe organs , free-reed organs were widely used in smaller churches and in private homes in the 19th century, but their volume and tonal range were limited.