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  2. Nominal Pipe Size - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominal_Pipe_Size

    Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) is a North American set of standard sizes for pipes used for high or low pressures and temperatures. [1] " Nominal" refers to pipe in non-specific terms and identifies the diameter of the hole with a non-dimensional number (for example – 2-inch nominal steel pipe" consists of many varieties of steel pipe with the only criterion being a 2.375-inch (60.3 mm) outside ...

  3. Characteristic length - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristic_length

    In physics, a characteristic length is an important dimension that defines the scale of a physical system. Often, such a length is used as an input to a formula in order to predict some characteristics of the system, and it is usually required by the construction of a dimensionless quantity, in the general framework of dimensional analysis and in particular applications such as fluid mechanics.

  4. Hydraulic diameter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_diameter

    For a fully filled duct or pipe whose cross-section is a convex regular polygon, the hydraulic diameter is equivalent to the diameter of a circle inscribed within the wetted perimeter. This can be seen as follows: The N {\displaystyle N} -sided regular polygon is a union of N {\displaystyle N} triangles, each of height D / 2 {\displaystyle D/2 ...

  5. Pipe (fluid conveyance) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipe_(fluid_conveyance)

    Consequently, a 1-inch (25 mm) copper pipe had a 1 + 1 ⁄ 8-inch (28.58 mm) outside diameter. The outside diameter was the important dimension for mating with fittings. The wall thickness on modern copper is usually thinner than 1 ⁄ 16-inch (1.6 mm), so the internal diameter is only "nominal" rather than a controlling dimension. [13]

  6. Organ flue pipe scaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_flue_pipe_scaling

    Relationship between number of feet, octave and size of an open flue pipe (1′ = 1 foot = about 32 cm) Play ⓘ Scaling is the ratio of an organ pipe's diameter to its length. The scaling of a pipe is a major influence on its timbre. Reed pipes are scaled according to different formulas than for flue pipes.

  7. Tube (fluid conveyance) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tube_(fluid_conveyance)

    A tube and pipe may be specified by standard pipe size designations, e.g., nominal pipe size, or by nominal outside or inside diameter and/or wall thickness. The actual dimensions of pipe are usually not the nominal dimensions: A 1-inch pipe will not actually measure 1 inch in either outside or inside diameter, whereas many types of tubing are ...

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  9. British Standard Pipe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Standard_Pipe

    In the modern standard metric version, it is simply a size number, where listed diameter size is the major outer diameter of the external thread. For a taper thread, it is the diameter at the "gauge length" (plus/minus one thread pitch) from the small end of the thread.