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  2. Caliber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliber

    The .308 Winchester is measured across the grooves and uses a .308-in diameter (7.82-mm) bullet; the military-specification version is known as 7.62 × 51 mm NATO, so called because the bore diameter measured between the lands is 7.62 mm, and the cartridge has a case 51 mm long.

  3. Taylor knock-out factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor_knock-out_factor

    The Taylor KO factor multiplies bullet mass (measured in grains) by muzzle velocity (measured in feet per second) by bullet diameter (measured in inches) and then divides the product by 7,000, converting the value from grains to pounds and giving a numerical value from 0 to ~150 for normal hunting cartridges.

  4. Muzzle velocity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzzle_velocity

    When the shell is fired through the wire, the circuit is broken, by which the speed of the shell can be checked. The Velocity Screen being disassembled after use. Muzzle velocity is the speed of a projectile (bullet, pellet, slug, ball/shots or shell) with respect to [1] the muzzle at the moment it leaves the end of a gun's barrel (i.e. the ...

  5. Caliber (artillery) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliber_(artillery)

    All three had a bore diameter of 5 inches (not 5.51 or 5.25 or 5.38 as often misread). Naval rifles, although constructed and manufactured in roughly the same manners as land-based artillery, were built to much more stringent and studious standards than land-based weapons, and for good reason. At sea, a weapon had to perform, without fail.

  6. Miller twist rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller_twist_rule

    m = bullet mass in grains (defined as 64.79891 milligrams) s = gyroscopic stability factor (dimensionless) d = bullet diameter in inches; l = bullet length in calibers (that is, length in relation to the diameter) t = twist rate in calibers per turn; Also, since one "caliber" in this context is one bullet diameter, we have:

  7. Terminal ballistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_ballistics

    A larger-diameter bullet is going to have significantly more drag than a smaller-diameter bullet of the same mass, which means long-range performance will be significantly degraded. A larger diameter bullet also means more space is required to store the ammunition, which means either bulkier guns or smaller magazine capacities.

  8. .400 Legend - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.400_Legend

    When hunting on private land, virtually all centerfire cartridges with a bullet diameter of at least .243 in (6.2 mm) are legal. On public land, state regulations mandate minimum and maximum case lengths of 1.16 inches (29 mm) and 1.8 inches (46 mm) respectively, plus a minimum bullet diameter of .357 in (9.1 mm), but do not mandate a specific ...

  9. 9×39mm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9×39mm

    It is a conventional lead core FMJ bullet, developed for accuracy. SP-5UZ – The SP-5UZ (СП5-УЗ) is an SP-5 variant with an increased charge intended for a factory-specific strength testing of the weapons. SP-6 (7N9) – The SP-6 (СП-6) was developed by Yuri Frolov. It has a hardened metal armor-piercing core. It can penetrate 2 mm (0. ...