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Cryptococcal meningitis is a primary contributor to mortality among individuals with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. [63] Approximately 160,000 cases of cryptococcal meningitis are reported in West Africa, resulting in 130,000 deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. [64] Uganda is reported to have the highest occurrence of cryptococcus meningitis. [54]
Meningitis is an unusual manifestation of blastomycosis and can be very difficult to diagnose. Cryptococcus (Cryptococcal meningitis) - it is thought to be acquired through inhalation of soil contaminated with bird droppings. C. neoformans is the most common pathogen to cause fungal meningitis.
Fungal meningitis, such as cryptococcal meningitis, is treated with long courses of high dose antifungals, such as amphotericin B and flucytosine. [ 55 ] [ 82 ] Raised intracranial pressure is common in fungal meningitis, and frequent (ideally daily) lumbar punctures to relieve the pressure are recommended, [ 55 ] or alternatively a lumbar drain.
It was recommended in 2000 that cryptococcal meningitis be treated for two weeks with intravenous amphotericin B 0.7–1.0 mg/kg per day and oral flucytosine 100 mg/kg per day (or intravenous flucytosine 75 mg/kg per day [citation needed] day if the patient is unable to swallow), followed by oral fluconazole 400–800 mg daily for ten weeks [3 ...
Steroid co-therapy is not indicated in cryptococcal meningitis and may worsen outcomes and delay recovery. [3] Hydrocephalus is a common complication in chronic infectious meningitis, including tuberculosis and cryptococcal meningitis. In cases of hydrocephalus, intracranial pressure is controlled by serial therapeutic lumbar punctures (often ...
Most forms of aseptic meningitis are viral in origin, though neoplastic and Lyme disease meningitis are also aseptic. California encephalitis virus; Central nervous system viral disease; Cytomegalovirus encephalitis; SARS-CoV-2; Eastern equine encephalitis; Enterovirus encephalitis; Epstein Barr Virus encephalitis; Herpes simplex encephalitis ...
Cryptococcal meningitis: Fungal Co-infection with HIV [40–60]% 6 month mortality is >=60% with fluconazole-based therapy and 40% with amphotericin-based therapy in research studies in low and middle income countries. [27] Anthrax, gastrointestinal: Bacterial Unvaccinated and untreated > 50% [7]: 27 Tetanus, Generalized Bacterial
Fluconazole is an antifungal medication used for a number of fungal infections. [5] This includes candidiasis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, dermatophytosis, and tinea versicolor. [5]