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Wheel graph. In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, a wheel graph is a graph formed by connecting a single universal vertex to all vertices of a cycle. A wheel graph with n vertices can also be defined as the 1- skeleton of an (n – 1)-gonal pyramid. Some authors [1] write Wn to denote a wheel graph with n vertices (n ≥ 4); other ...
Wheel theory. A diagram of a wheel, as the real projective line with a point at nullity (denoted by ⊥). A wheel is a type of algebra (in the sense of universal algebra) where division is always defined. In particular, division by zero is meaningful. The real numbers can be extended to a wheel, as can any commutative ring.
Domain coloring plot of the function f(x) = (x2 − 1) (x − 2 − i) 2 x2 + 2 + 2 i, using the structured color function described below. In complex analysis, domain coloring or a color wheel graph is a technique for visualizing complex functions by assigning a color to each point of the complex plane. By assigning points on the ...
1. A book, book graph, or triangular book is a complete tripartite graph K1,1,n; a collection of n triangles joined at a shared edge. 2. Another type of graph, also called a book, or a quadrilateral book, is a collection of 4 -cycles joined at a shared edge; the Cartesian product of a star with an edge. 3.
A gear graph, denoted G n, is a graph obtained by inserting an extra vertex between each pair of adjacent vertices on the perimeter of a wheel graph W n. Thus, G n has 2n+1 vertices and 3n edges. [4] Gear graphs are examples of squaregraphs, and play a key role in the forbidden graph characterization of squaregraphs. [5]
In mathematics, and particularly in graph theory, the dimension of a graph is the least integer n such that there exists a "classical representation" of the graph in the Euclidean space of dimension n with all the edges having unit length. In a classical representation, the vertices must be distinct points, but the edges may cross one another. [1]
Graph coloring. A proper vertex coloring of the Petersen graph with 3 colors, the minimum number possible. In graph theory, graph coloring is a special case of graph labeling; it is an assignment of labels traditionally called "colors" to elements of a graph subject to certain constraints. In its simplest form, it is a way of coloring the ...
List coloring. In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, list coloring is a type of graph coloring where each vertex can be restricted to a list of allowed colors. It was first studied in the 1970s in independent papers by Vizing and by Erdős, Rubin, and Taylor. [1]