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The status of Mary as Theotokos was a topic of theological dispute in the 4th and 5th centuries and was the subject of the decree of the Council of Ephesus of 431 to the effect that, in opposition to those who denied Mary the title Theotokos ("the one who gives birth to God") but called her Christotokos ("the one who gives birth to Christ ...
This third ecumenical council, an effort to attain consensus in the church through an assembly representing all of Christendom, [1] confirmed the original Nicene Creed, [2] and condemned the teachings of Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople, who held that the Virgin Mary may be called the Christotokos, "Christ-bearer" but not the Theotokos ...
In the 5th century, the Third Ecumenical Council debated the question of whether Mary should be referred to as Theotokos or Christotokos. [8] Theotokos means "God-bearer" or "Mother of God"; its use implies that Jesus, to whom Mary gave birth, is truly God and man in one person.
Cyril believed that Nestorius' preference for the term “Christotokos” (Christ-bearer) undermined this and suggested that Christ was distinct persons: one fully human and born of Mary, the other fully divine and not subject to birth or death. [10] The Council endorsed the name "Theotokos", which in the West is translated as Mother of God.
Christotokos. Christotokos (Greek: Χριστοτόκος, English: Christ-bearer) is a Greek title of Mary, the mother of Jesus, used historically by non-Ephesian (or "Nestorian") Church of the East. Its literal English translations also include the one who gives birth to Christ.
The Nestorian schism (431) was a split between the Christian churches of Sassanid Persia, which affiliated with Nestorius, and those that later became the Catholic and Orthodox churches. The schism rose out of a Christological dispute, notably involving Cyril ( Patriarch of Alexandria) and Nestorius ( Patriarch of Constantinople ).
The Intercession of the Theotokos, or the Protection of Our Most Holy Lady Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary, is a Christian feast of the Mother of God celebrated in the Eastern Orthodox and Byzantine Catholic Churches on October 1 (Julian calendar: October 14). The feast celebrates the protection afforded the faithful through the intercessions of ...
Greek icon of the Theotokos, Life-giving Spring. The Mother of God of the Life-giving Spring or Life-giving Font (Greek: Ζωοδόχος Πηγή, translit. Zōodóchos Pēgḗ, modern pronunciation: [zo.oˈðoxos piˈʝi]; Russian: Живоно́сный Исто́чник, romanized: Zhivonósny Istóchnik, IPA: [ʐɨvɐˈnosnɨj ɪˈstotɕnʲɪk]) is an epithet of the Holy Theotokos that ...