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The First Indochina War (generally known as the Indochina War in France, and as the Anti-French Resistance War in Vietnam, and alternatively internationally as the French-Indochina War) was fought between France and Việt Minh (Democratic Republic of Vietnam), and their respective allies, from 19 December 1946 until 21 July 1954. [21]
During the Cold War, the Indochina Wars (Vietnamese: Chiến tranh Đông Dương) were a series of wars which were waged in Indochina from 1946 to 1991, by communist forces (mainly ones led by Vietnamese communists) against the opponents (mainly the Vietnamese capitalists, Trotskyists, the State of Vietnam, the Republic of Vietnam, the French, American, Laotian royalist, Cambodian and Chinese ...
Dien Bien Phu was a serious defeat for the French and was the decisive battle of the Indochina war. [ 96 ] [ 97 ] [ 98 ] The garrison constituted roughly one-tenth of the total French Union manpower in Indochina, [ 99 ] and the defeat seriously weakened the position and prestige of the French; it produced psychological repercussions both in the ...
Dien Bien Phu, subtitled "Strategic Game of Indochina 1950-55" is a board wargame published by Simulations Design Corporation (SDC) in 1973 that simulates the final five years of the First Indochina War in the northern French protectorate of Tonkin.
McGregor, Charles. "China, Vietnam, and the Cambodian conflict: Beijing's end game strategy." Asian Survey 30.3 (1990): 266-283 online Archived 2023-03-13 at the Wayback Machine. O'Dowd, Edward C. (2007). Chinese Military Strategy in the Third Indochina War: The Last Maoist War. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0203088968.
The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam), which had chosen to ally with the USSR, justified incursions into neighbouring Laos and Cambodia during the Second Indochinese War by reference to the international nature of communist revolution, where "Indochina is a single strategic unit, a single battlefield" and the Vietnam People's Army ...
When the Korean War broke out, Indochina became "an important pawn in Cold War strategy". [12] In December 1950, the United States, concerned about growing Chinese Communist influence, started providing military aid to the French, with a first payment of US$15 million. [17]
After the French victory at the battle of Đông Triều, de Lattre had drawn up a plan to test his offensive strategy. Hòa Bình, capital of the Muong people, located 62 kilometres (39 mi) from Hanoi, was selected by General de Lattre for the offensive. Hòa Bình was an area of strategic significance for many reasons.