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Permethrin is listed as a "restricted use" substance by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [55] due to its high toxicity to aquatic organisms, [56] so permethrin and permethrin-contaminated water should be properly disposed of. Permethrin is quite stable, having a half life of 51–71 days in an aqueous environment exposed to light.
Poisoning in cats can result in seizures, fever, ataxia and even death. Poisoning can occur if pyrethroid containing flea treatment products, which are intended for dogs, are used on cats. The livers of cats detoxify pyrethroids via glucuronidation more poorly than dogs, which is the cause of this difference. [ 15 ]
Acute toxicity of pesticides causes a range of effects on bees, which can include agitation, vomiting, wing paralysis, arching of the abdomen similar to sting reflex, and uncoordinated movement. Acute toxicity may depend on the mode of exposure, for instance, many pesticides cause toxic effects by contact while neonicotinoids are more toxic ...
Chemical structure of permethrin, a common acaricide.. Acaricides are pesticides that kill members of the arachnid subclass Acari, which includes ticks and mites.Acaricides are used both in medicine and agriculture, although the desired selective toxicity differs between the two fields.
Allethrin I (R = −CH 3) Allethrin II (R = −COOCH 3). The allethrins are a group of related synthetic compounds used in insecticides.They are classified as pyrethroids, i.e. synthetic versions of pyrethrin, a chemical with insecticidal properties found naturally in Chrysanthemum flowers.
Aquatic life is extremely susceptible to pyrethrin toxicity, and has been documented in species such as the lake trout. Although pyrethrins are quickly metabolized by birds and most mammals, fish and aquatic invertebrates lack the ability to metabolize these compounds, leading to a toxic accumulation of byproducts. [ 29 ]
Phenothrin, also called sumithrin and d-phenothrin, [2] is a synthetic pyrethroid that kills adult fleas and ticks.It has also been used to kill head lice in humans. d-Phenothrin is used as a component of aerosol insecticides for domestic use.
In the Toxicity section, the article states that "Permethrin is also highly toxic to cats." The issue that I have is that Permethrin is one of the three active ingredients in Sergeant's Flea and Tick Spray for Cats at .050%, along with Pyrethrins at .056% and "related reaction products" (whatever that might mean!) at .004%.