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Necrotizing pneumonia (NP), also known as cavitary pneumonia or cavitatory necrosis, is a rare but severe complication of lung parenchymal infection. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In necrotizing pneumonia, there is a substantial liquefaction following death of the lung tissue, which may lead to gangrene formation in the lung.
Bacterial infection is by far the most common cause of necrotizing fasciitis. Despite the term "flesh-eating disease," the organisms do not eat human tissue; rather, they release virulence factors and toxins that cause tissue death. Typically, the infection enters the body through a break in the skin such as a cut or burn. [3]
Avascular Necrosis. Avascular necrosis is when the femur head loses blood supply, which can lead to the death of bone tissue. It could cause waves of pain that are relieved when you push on your bone.
Initial symptoms of Fournier gangrene include swelling or sudden pain in the scrotum, fever, pallor, and generalized weakness. It is characterized by pain that extends beyond the border of the demarcated erythema. [2] Most cases present mildly, but can progress in hours.
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a condition caused by bacterial toxins. [1] Symptoms may include fever, rash, skin peeling, and low blood pressure. [1] There may also be symptoms related to the specific underlying infection such as mastitis, osteomyelitis, necrotising fasciitis, or pneumonia.
Necrosis is caused by factors external to the cell or tissue, such as infection, or trauma which result in the unregulated digestion of cell components. In contrast, apoptosis is a naturally occurring programmed and targeted cause of cellular death. While apoptosis often provides beneficial effects to the organism, necrosis is almost always ...
Liquefactive necrosis (or colliquative necrosis) is a type of necrosis which results in a transformation of the tissue into a liquid viscous mass. [1] Often it is associated with focal bacterial or fungal infections, and can also manifest as one of the symptoms of an internal chemical burn . [ 2 ]
The diagnosis of gangrene is based on symptoms and supported by tests such as medical imaging. [6] Treatment may involve surgery to remove the dead tissue, antibiotics to treat any infection, and efforts to address the underlying cause. [5] Surgical efforts may include debridement, amputation, or the use of maggot therapy. [5]