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Nocturnal lagophthalmos is the inability to close the eyelids during sleep. [2] It may reduce the quality of sleep, cause exposure-related symptoms or, if severe, cause corneal damage (exposure keratopathy). The degree of lagophthalmos can be minor (obscure lagophthalmos) or quite obvious.
Closed-eye hallucinations and closed-eye visualizations (CEV) are hallucinations that occur when one's eyes are closed or when one is in a darkened room. They should not be confused with phosphenes , perceived light and shapes when pressure is applied to the eye's retina, or some other non-visual external cause stimulates the eye.
Unlike REM sleep, there is usually little or no eye movement during these stages. Dreaming occurs during both sleep states, and muscles are not paralyzed as in REM sleep. People who do not go through the sleeping stages properly get stuck in NREM sleep, and because muscles are not paralyzed a person may be able to sleepwalk.
This is in contrast to normal sleep where both eyes are shut and both halves of the brain show unconsciousness. In USWS, also known as asymmetric slow-wave sleep , one half of the brain is in deep sleep, a form of non-rapid eye movement sleep and the eye corresponding to this half is closed while the other eye remains open.
Rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep or REMS) is a unique phase of sleep in mammals (including humans) and birds, characterized by random rapid movement of the eyes, accompanied by low muscle tone throughout the body, and the propensity of the sleeper to dream vividly. The core body and brain temperatures increase during REM sleep and skin ...
EOG is a technique for measuring the resting potential of the retina in the human eye. [32] Eye-video test: Measures eyes blinking and eye movements to detect microsleep events. [33] [34] Mouth yawning test: Counts number of yawns over a period of time. [35] Speech tests: Examines emotions and/or prosody in speech to predict microsleep episodes ...
Polyphasic sleep is the term used to describe any sleep pattern that includes three or more periods of shuteye in a 24-hour period instead of the more traditional large snooze at night.
A phosphene is the perception of light without light actually entering the eye, for instance caused by pressure applied to the closed eyes. A phenomenon that could be entoptical if the eyelashes are considered to be part of the eye is seeing light diffracted through the eyelashes.