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Kinematic diagram of Cartesian (coordinate) robot A plotter is a type of Cartesian coordinate robot.. A Cartesian coordinate robot (also called linear robot) is an industrial robot whose three principal axes of control are linear (i.e. they move in a straight line rather than rotate) and are at right angles to each other. [1]
The system of six joint axes S i and five common normal lines A i,i+1 form the kinematic skeleton of the typical six degree-of-freedom serial robot. Denavit and Hartenberg introduced the convention that z-coordinate axes are assigned to the joint axes S i and x-coordinate axes are assigned to the common normals A i,i+1.
The first industrial robot, [1] Unimate, was invented in the 1950s. Its control axes correspond to a spherical coordinate system, with RRP joint topology composed of two revolute R joints in series with a prismatic P joint. Most industrial robots today are articulated robots composed of a serial chain of revolute R joints RRRRRR.
Cartesian robot / Gantry robot: Used for pick and place work, application of sealant, assembly operations, handling machine tools and arc welding. It is a robot whose arm has three prismatic joints, whose axes are coincident with a Cartesian coordinator.
Cartesian robots, [5] also called rectilinear, gantry robots, and x-y-z robots [6] have three prismatic joints for the movement of the tool and three rotary joints for its orientation in space. To be able to move and orient the effector organ in all directions, such a robot needs 6 axes (or degrees of freedom).
Sankyo Seiki, Pentel and NEC presented the SCARA robot as a completely new concept for assembly robots in 1981. The robot was developed under the guidance of Hiroshi Makino, [4] a professor at the University of Yamanashi. [2] Its arm was rigid in the Z-axis and pliable in the XY-axes, which allowed it to adapt to holes in the XY-axes. [5] [6]
ST Robotics has 5 robot models R12 - 5 or 6 axis low cost robot arm, 500g payload speeds up to 180 deg/s R15 - 3 or 4 axis Cartesian robot system using Igus Cartesian robot system with an ST Robotics controller R17 - 5 or 6 axis robot arm, 3 kg payload R17HS - as R17 but using Teknic servomotors, 2 kg payload, speeds up to 180 deg/sec
Other Cartesian 3D printers which do not use the CoreXY technique most commonly also use two motors for the xy-plane, but where one motor is independently responsible for movement along the x-axis, and the other independently responsible for movement along the y-axis. This is sometimes called a Cartesian technique. [2] "