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The 2020 African Sahel floods were extreme floods that struck numerous West, East, and Central African countries in August and September 2020 due to extreme rainfall.Over 760,000 people in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Congo Republic, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan, Senegal, and Tunisia were affected and hundreds killed.
In IPCC future scenario A2 (CO 2 value of ≈860 ppm) Sahel rainfall could be reduced by up to 25% by year 2100, according to climate models. A 2006 study by NOAA scientists suggests that the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation plays a leading role. An AMO warm phase strengthens the summer rainfall over Sahel, while a cold phase reduces it. [37]
More extreme rain. For every 1C rise in ... In April 2024, temperatures in Mali rose above 48C during an extreme heatwave across the Sahel region of Africa which was linked to increased ...
The Sahel has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh). The climate is typically hot, sunny, dry and somewhat windy all year long. The Sahel's climate is similar to, but less extreme than, the climate of the Sahara desert located just to the north. The Sahel mainly receives a low to very low amount of precipitation annually.
More than a century of rainfall data in the Sahel show an unusually wet period from 1950 until 1970 (positive index values), followed by extremely dry years from 1970 to 1990 (negative index values). From 1990 until present rainfall returned to levels slightly below the 1898–1993 average, but year-to-year variability remains high.
Heavy rain started around 16:00 UTC (6 p.m. local time) on 2 May 2023 and continued throughout the night, killing at least 135 people. [35] [5] The Sebeya River burst its banks. [5] The most affected areas in Rwanda were Rutsiro, Nyabihu, Rubavu, and Ngororero. [5] More rainfall is expected during the rest of the month.
The list of weather records includes the most extreme occurrences of weather phenomena for various categories. Many weather records are measured under specific conditions—such as surface temperature and wind speed—to keep consistency among measurements around the Earth.
Most desert/arid climates receive between 25 and 200 mm (1 and 8 in) of rainfall annually, [2] [3] although some of the most consistently hot areas of Central Australia, the Sahel and Guajira Peninsula can be, due to extreme potential evapotranspiration, classed as arid with the annual rainfall as high as 430 millimetres or 17 inches.
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