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A 2011 discovery in the Canadian province of New Brunswick yielded the earliest known plants to have grown wood, approximately 395 to 400 million years ago. [5] [6]Wood can be dated by carbon dating and in some species by dendrochronology to determine when a wooden object was created.
Beginning in the 1540s, further exploitation of its remaining forests ensued as British factories began consuming vast amounts of wood to fuel its iron industry. In an attempt to preserve its dwindling resource, parliament passed Act for the Preservation of Woods in 1543, limiting further felling of timber to 440 yards from landed property.
The wood moisture content is above 25% on a dry-weight basis; The environment is sufficiently warm; Oxygen (O 2) is present; Wood with less than 25% moisture (dry weight basis) can remain free of decay for centuries. Similarly, wood submerged in water may not be attacked by fungi if the amount of oxygen is inadequate. Fungi lumber/timber ...
Ancient Egyptians invented the art of veneering and used varnishes for finishing, though the composition of these varnishes is unknown. Although different native acacias were used, as was the wood from the local sycamore and tamarisk trees, deforestation in the Nile valley resulted in the need for the importation of wood, notably cedar , but ...
Understanding the industrial potential of laminated wood, he invented the rotary lathe. [ 5 ] There is little record of the early implementation of the rotary lathe and the subsequent commercialization of plywood as we know it today, but in its 1870 edition, the French dictionary Robert describes the process of rotary lathe veneer manufacturing ...
Apart from structural wood preservation measures, ... Copper naphthenate, invented in Denmark in 1911, has been used effectively for many applications including: ...
It was not until the introduction of wood pulp in 1843 that paper production was not dependent on recycled materials from ragpickers. [114] It was not realized at the time how unstable wood pulp paper is. A means of removing printing inks from paper, allowing it to be re-used, was invented by German jurist Justus Claproth in 1774. [114]
As it hits the wood, the knife blade creates a "loose" side where the cells have been opened up by the blade, and a "tight" side. Veneers are cut as thin as 0.64 mm ( 1 ⁄ 40 in). Depending on the cutting process used by the veneer manufacturer, very little wood is wasted by the saw blade thickness, known as the saw kerf .