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  2. Uremia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uremia

    Uremia is the condition of having high levels of urea in the blood. Urea is one of the primary components of urine.It can be defined as an excess in the blood of amino acid and protein metabolism end products, such as urea and creatinine, which would normally be excreted in the urine.

  3. Renal urea handling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_urea_handling

    Urea allows the kidneys to create hyperosmotic urine (urine that has more ions in it - is "more concentrated" - than that same person's blood plasma). Preventing the loss of water in this manner is important if the person's body must save water in order to maintain a suitable blood pressure or (more likely) in order to maintain a suitable ...

  4. Urine urea nitrogen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine_urea_nitrogen

    Urine urea nitrogen (UUN) refers to a test that measures the urine urea to assess nitrogen balance. Chemical structure. Urea nitrogen is the end product of breakdown ...

  5. Urinalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinalysis

    [57] [58] Not all bacteria that cause UTIs produce nitrite, and because it takes time for the chemical reaction to occur, the test is best performed on urine that has been in the bladder overnight. [59] A diet low in vegetables can lead to low nitrate levels in the urine, meaning that nitrites cannot be produced. [50]

  6. Assessment of kidney function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assessment_of_kidney_function

    Abnormal kidney function may cause too much or too little urine to be produced. The ability of the kidneys to filter protein is often measured, as urine albumin or urine protein levels, [2] measured either at a single instance or, because of variation throughout the day, as 24-hour urine tests. [citation needed]

  7. Azotemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azotemia

    This results in lower levels of urea in the blood and higher levels of urea in the urine as compared to creatinine. Creatinine filtration decreases, leading to a higher amount of creatinine in the blood. Third-spacing of fluids, as in peritonitis, osmotic diuresis, or low aldosterone states such as Addison's disease all elevate urea. [3]

  8. Urine test strip - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine_test_strip

    A standard urine test strip may comprise up to 10 different chemical pads or reagents which react (change color) when immersed in, and then removed from, a urine sample.The test can often be read in as little as 60 to 120 seconds after dipping, although certain tests require longer.

  9. Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerular_filtration_rate

    Creatinine levels in μmol/L can be converted to mg/dL by dividing them by 88.4. The 32788 number above is equal to 186×88.4 1.154. A more elaborate version of the MDRD equation also includes serum albumin and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels: