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Monoculture is widely used in intensive farming and in organic farming. In crop monocultures, each plant in a field has the same standardized planting, maintenance, and harvesting requirements resulting in greater yields and lower costs.
Note that the distinction between monoculture and polyculture is not the same as between monocropping and intercropping. The first two describe diversity in space, as does intercropping. Monocropping and crop rotation describe diversity over time. This is frequently a source of confusion, even in scientific journal articles.
A monoculture is a crop grown by itself in a field. A polyculture involves two or more crops growing in the same place at the same time. Crop rotations can be applied to both monocultures and polycultures, resulting in multiple ways of increasing agricultural biodiversity (table). [18]
The Chinese also began using the square-pallet chain pump by the 1st century AD, powered by a waterwheel or oxen pulling an on a system of mechanical wheels. [92] Although the chain pump found use in public works of providing water for urban and palatial pipe systems , [ 93 ] it was used largely to lift water from a lower to higher elevation in ...
Agriculture began independently in different parts of the globe, [17] and included a diverse range of taxa, in at least 11 separate centers of origin. [14] Wild grains were collected and eaten from at least 105,000 years ago. [18]
The administration also began to educate farmers on soil conservation and anti-erosion techniques, including crop rotation, strip farming, contour plowing, and terracing. [49] [50] In 1937, the federal government began an aggressive campaign to encourage Dust Bowl farmers to adopt planting and plowing methods that conserved the soil. The ...
While the doll itself has been a household name for more than 60 years, Barbie has transcended mere popularity to become the single most dominant cultural topic in America right now, a veritable ...
Over the decades, the sugar plantations began expanding as the transatlantic trade continued to prosper. In 1832, the median-size plantation in Jamaica had about 150 slaves, and nearly one of every four bondsmen lived on units that had at least 250 slaves. [4]