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  2. Trigonometric functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions

    Basis of trigonometry: if two right triangles have equal acute angles, they are similar, so their corresponding side lengths are proportional.. In mathematics, the trigonometric functions (also called circular functions, angle functions or goniometric functions) [1] are real functions which relate an angle of a right-angled triangle to ratios of two side lengths.

  3. Pythagorean theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_theorem

    In mathematics, the Pythagorean theorem or Pythagoras' theorem is a fundamental relation in Euclidean geometry between the three sides of a right triangle.It states that the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares on the other two sides.

  4. Mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics

    [1] Mathematics is essential in the natural sciences, engineering, medicine, finance, computer science, and the social sciences. Although mathematics is extensively used for modeling phenomena, the fundamental truths of mathematics are independent of any scientific experimentation.

  5. Plimpton 322 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plimpton_322

    a·v 1 = a·(x − 1/x)/2 for a suitable multiplier a in the second column, and a·v 4 = a·(x + 1/x)/2 in the third column. In this interpretation, x and 1/x (or possibly v 1 and v 4) would have appeared on the tablet in the broken-off portion to the left of the first

  6. History of algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_algebra

    These propositions and their results are the geometric equivalents of our modern symbolic algebra and trigonometry. [15] Today, using modern symbolic algebra, we let symbols represent known and unknown magnitudes (i.e. numbers) and then apply algebraic operations on them, while in Euclid's time magnitudes were viewed as line segments and then ...

  7. Orders of magnitude (length) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(length)

    1 (10 0) 1 meter 1 m (exactly) Since 2019, defined as the length of the path travelled by light in a vacuum during a time interval of 1/299,792,458 of a second, where the second is defined by a hyperfine transition frequency of caesium. 2.72 m Height of Robert Wadlow, tallest-known human. [31] 8.38 m Length of a London bus (AEC Routemaster) 10 1

  8. Sicily - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicily

    Sicily. Sicily has a roughly triangular shape, earning it the name Trinacria.. To the north-east, it is separated from Calabria and the rest of the Italian mainland by the Strait of Messina, about 3 km (1.9 mi) wide in the north, and about 16 km (9.9 mi) wide in the southern part. [7]

  9. Sherlock Holmes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes

    Sherlock Holmes (/ ˈ ʃ ɜːr l ɒ k ˈ h oʊ m z /) is a fictional detective created by British author Arthur Conan Doyle.Referring to himself as a "consulting detective" in his stories, Holmes is known for his proficiency with observation, deduction, forensic science and logical reasoning that borders on the fantastic, which he employs when investigating cases for a wide variety of clients ...