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  2. Chemical synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_synthesis

    Medicine: Organic synthesis plays a vital role in drug discovery, allowing chemists to develop and optimize new drugs by modifying organic molecules. [9] Additionally, the synthesis of metal complexes for medical imaging and cancer treatments is a key application of chemical synthesis, enabling advanced diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. [10]

  3. Synthon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthon

    The synthesis of phenylacetic acid determined by retrosynthetic analysis is thus: Ph−CH 2 −Br + Na + [C≡N] − → Ph−CH 2 −C≡N + NaBr Ph−CH 2 −C≡N + 2 H 2 O → Ph−CH 2 −C(=O)−OH + NH 3. where Ph stands for phenyl. C2 synthons - acetylene, acetaldehyde-C 2 H 4 OH synthon - ethylene oxide; carbocation synthons - alkyl ...

  4. Total synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_synthesis

    Natural product synthesis serves as a critical tool across various scientific fields. In organic chemistry, it tests new synthetic methods, validating and advancing innovative approaches. In medicinal chemistry, natural product synthesis is essential for creating bioactive compounds, driving progress in drug discovery and therapeutic development.

  5. Williamson ether synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamson_ether_synthesis

    The Williamson ether synthesis is an organic reaction, forming an ether from an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol . This reaction was developed by Alexander Williamson in 1850. [ 2 ] Typically it involves the reaction of an alkoxide ion with a primary alkyl halide via an S N 2 reaction .

  6. Cross-coupling reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-coupling_reaction

    In organic chemistry, a cross-coupling reaction is a reaction where two different fragments are joined. Cross-couplings are a subset of the more general coupling reactions. Often cross-coupling reactions require metal catalyst

  7. Henry reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_reaction

    The first example of an enantioselective nitroaldol reaction was reported in 1992 using Shibasaki catalysts. [11] One of the most frequently employed methods for inducing enantio- or diastereoselectivity in the Henry reaction is the use of chiral metal catalysts, in which the nitro group and carbonyl oxygen coordinate to a metal that is bound ...

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  9. Chemical reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction

    For example, when barium chloride (BaCl 2) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4) react, the SO 4 2− anion switches places with the 2Cl − anion, giving the compounds BaSO 4 and MgCl 2. Another example of a double displacement reaction is the reaction of lead(II) nitrate with potassium iodide to form lead(II) iodide and potassium nitrate: + +