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A glomerulus, a functional unit that represents the first step in the filtration of blood and generation of urine. Glomerulonephritis refers to an inflammation of the glomerulus, which is the unit involved in filtration in the kidney. This inflammation typically results in one or both of the nephrotic or nephritic syndromes. [2]: 500
Nephritic syndrome is a syndrome comprising signs of nephritis, which is kidney disease involving inflammation. It often occurs in the glomerulus, where it is called glomerulonephritis. Glomerulonephritis is characterized by inflammation and thinning of the glomerular basement membrane and the occurrence of small pores in the podocytes of the ...
The glomerulus (pl.: glomeruli) is a network of small blood vessels (capillaries) known as a tuft, located at the beginning of a nephron in the kidney. Each of the two kidneys contains about one million nephrons.
The term focal is used as some of the glomeruli have scars, while others appear intact; the term segmental refers to the fact that only part of the glomerulus is damaged. Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN): The inflammation of the glomerular membrane causes increased leaking in the kidney. It is not clear why this condition develops in most ...
These deposits lead to inflammation and result in structural changes to the glomerulus, that cause a decrease in kidney function, which commonly presents as a nephrotic syndrome. But what exactly is nephrotic syndrome?
The closely related terms membranous nephropathy (MN) [23] and membranous glomerulopathy [24] both refer to a similar constellation but without the assumption of inflammation. Membranous nephritis (in which inflammation is implied, but the glomerulus not explicitly mentioned) is less common, but the phrase is occasionally encountered. [25]
Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis is a disorder of the small blood vessels of the kidney.It is a common complication of bacterial infections, typically skin infection by Streptococcus bacteria types 12, 4 and 1 but also after streptococcal pharyngitis, for which it is also known as postinfectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) or poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN). [4]
IgA nephropathy (IgAN), also known as Berger's disease (/ b ɛər ˈ ʒ eɪ /) (and variations), or synpharyngitic glomerulonephritis, is a disease of the kidney (or nephropathy) and the immune system; specifically it is a form of glomerulonephritis or an inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney.