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The flora is exceedingly diverse and includes a level of endemism, per square kilometre, seen almost nowhere else on Earth. Three-quarters of native plant species on New Caledonia are endemic, but a quarter of those are "at risk" of decline or extinction. [19] There are besides 454 species of marine macrophytes.
Flore de la Nouvelle-Calédonie is an ongoing multi-volume flora describing the vascular plants of New Caledonia (including the Loyalty Islands, Isles of Pines and Belep islands) in the South-West Pacific. published by the National Museum of Natural History in Paris since 1967. Each species treatment typically includes taxonomic information ...
Endemic flora of New Caledonia (3 C, 349 P) O. Orchids of New Caledonia (38 P) T. Trees of New Caledonia (27 P) Pages in category "Flora of New Caledonia"
The New Caledonia rain forests are a terrestrial ecoregion, located in New Caledonia in the South Pacific. It is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion, part of the Australasian realm . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
Araucaria humboldtensis growing in altitude shrubland, on the slopes of Mont Humboldt, New Caledonia. New Caledonia, considered as the smallest of the most significant biodiversity hotspots in the world, [3] hosts a unique flora of which 75.1% is endemic. [4] Species of Araucaria trees can be found in every habitat that New Caledonia possesses. [2]
New Caledonia also has the world's most divergent lineage of flowering plant, Amborella trichopoda, which is at, or near, the base of the clade of all flowering plants. The world's largest extant species of fern , Cyathea intermedia , also is endemic to New Caledonia.
The other conifers so characteristic of New Caledonia's rain forests don't occur in the dry forests. [1] The dry forests are home to 407 woody plant species, 243 of which are endemic to New Caledonia and 60 endemic to the dry forests. Dry-forest endemic trees include Ixora margaretae and Terminalia cherrieri. [6]
The islands of New Caledonia are a biodiversity hot-spot, preserving many early diverging lineages of plants, of which Amborella is but one. This preservation has been ascribed to climate stability during and since the Tertiary), stability that has permitted the continued survival of tropical forests on New Caledonia. In contrast, drought ...
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