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According to the equations, a basin with high drainage density, the contribution of surface runoff to stream discharge will be high, while that from baseflow will be low. Conversely, a stream in a low drainage density system will have a larger contribution from baseflow and a smaller contribution from overland flow. [8] [9]
A drainage equation is an equation describing the relation between depth and spacing of parallel subsurface drains, depth of the watertable, depth and hydraulic conductivity of the soils. It is used in drainage design.
In hydrology, discharge is the volumetric flow rate (volume per time, in units of m 3 /h or ft 3 /h) of a stream. It equals the product of average flow velocity (with dimension of length per time, in m/h or ft/h) and the cross-sectional area (in m 2 or ft 2). [1] It includes any suspended solids (e.g. sediment), dissolved chemicals like CaCO
Flux F through a surface, dS is the differential vector area element, n is the unit normal to the surface. Left: No flux passes in the surface, the maximum amount flows normal to the surface.
is the bulk volume of that portion of the aquifer from which the water is released ([L 3]); is the volume of water released from storage ([L 3]); is the decline in pressure(N•m −2 or [ML −1 T −2]) ; is the decline in hydraulic head ([L]) and
Stream order is an important aspect of a drainage basin. It is defined as the measure of the position of a stream in the hierarchy of streams. Tributaries are given a number one greater than that of the river or stream into which they discharge. So, for example, all immediate tributaries of the main stem are given the number "2".
Volumetric flow rate is defined by the limit [3] = ˙ = =, that is, the flow of volume of fluid V through a surface per unit time t.. Since this is only the time derivative of volume, a scalar quantity, the volumetric flow rate is also a scalar quantity.
in which is the number of core samples, is the effective porosity, is the bulk volume of sample, and is the primary drainage capillary pressure data vs. normalized water saturation. averaging imbibition and secondary drainage capillary pressure vs. normalized saturation data