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A fire alarm control panel Fire alarm speaker and pull station. Fire alarm systems are composed of several distinct parts: Fire alarm control panel (FACP), or fire alarm control unit (FACU): This component, the hub of the system, monitors inputs and system integrity, controls outputs, and transmits information.
The strength of ships is a topic of key interest to naval architects and shipbuilders. Ships which are built too strong are heavy, slow, and cost extra money to build and operate since they weigh more, whilst ships which are built too weakly suffer from minor hull damage and in some extreme cases catastrophic failure and sinking.
Bulkheads were known to the ancient Greeks, who employed bulkheads in triremes to support the back of rams. By the Athenian trireme era (500 BC), [1] the hull was strengthened by enclosing the bow behind the ram, forming a bulkhead compartment. Instead of using bulkheads to protect ships against rams, Greeks preferred to reinforce the hull with ...
HMS Alarm was a 32-gun fifth-rate Niger-class frigate of the Royal Navy, and was the first Royal Navy ship to bear this name. She was built at King's Yard in Harwich by John Barnard. [1] Copper-sheathed in 1761, she was the first ship in the Royal Navy to have a fully copper-sheathed hull. [2] [3]
A subdivision of the sheet plywood boat building method is known as the stitch-and-glue method, [8] where pre-shaped panels of plywood are drawn together then edge glued and reinforced with fibreglass without the use of a frame. [9] Metal or plastic ties, nylon fishing line or copper wires pull curved flat panels into three-dimensional curved ...
A girt is a vertically aligned girder placed to resist shear loads. Small steel girders are rolled into shape. Larger girders (1 m/3 feet deep or more) are made as plate girders, welded or bolted together from separate pieces of steel plate. [2] The Warren type girder replaces the solid web with an open latticework truss between the flanges ...
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In shipbuilding, a strongback, known as a waler is oriented lengthwise along a ship to brace across several frames to keep the frames square and plumb. [1] In formwork strongbacks (typically vertical) reinforce typically horizontal walers to provide additional support against hydrostatic pressure during concrete pours.