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  2. History of the euro - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_euro

    Euro Zone inflation. The euro came into existence on 1 January 1999, although it had been a goal of the European Union (EU) and its predecessors since the 1960s. After tough negotiations, the Maastricht Treaty entered into force in 1993 with the goal of creating an economic and monetary union (EMU) by 1999 for all EU states except the UK and Denmark (even though Denmark has a fixed exchange ...

  3. Euro - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euro

    After its introduction on 4 January 1999 its exchange rate against the other major currencies fell reaching its lowest exchange rates in 2000 (3 May vs sterling, 25 October vs the U.S. dollar, 26 October vs Japanese yen). Afterwards it regained and its exchange rate reached its historical highest point in 2008 (15 July vs US dollar, 23 July vs ...

  4. Enlargement of the eurozone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_eurozone

    The chart below provides a full historical summary of exchange-rate regimes for EU members since the European Monetary System with its Exchange Rate Mechanism and the related new common currency ECU was born on 13 March 1979. The euro replaced the ECU 1:1 at the exchange rate markets, on 1 January 1999.

  5. European Currency Unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Currency_Unit

    Using a mechanism known as the "snake in the tunnel", the European Exchange Rate Mechanism was an attempt to minimize fluctuations between member state currencies—initially by managing the variance of each against its respective ECU reference rate—with the aim to achieve fixed ratios over time, and so enable the European Single Currency (which became known as the euro) to replace national ...

  6. Deutsche Mark - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Mark

    On 31 December 1998, the Council of the European Union fixed the irrevocable exchange rate, effective 1 January 1999, for German mark to euros as DM 1.95583 = €1. [3] In 1999, the Deutsche Mark was replaced by the euro; its coins and banknotes remained in circulation, defined in terms of euros, until the introduction of euro notes and coins ...

  7. Exchange rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_rate

    The spot exchange rate is the current exchange rate, while the forward exchange rate is an exchange rate that is quoted and traded today but for delivery and payment on a specific future date. In the retail currency exchange market, different buying and selling rates will be quoted by money dealers.

  8. Exchange rate history of the Indian rupee - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_rate_history_of...

    This is a list of tables showing the historical timeline of the exchange rate for the Indian rupee (INR) against the special drawing rights unit (SDR), United States dollar (USD), pound sterling (GBP), Deutsche mark (DM), euro (EUR) and Japanese yen (JPY). The rupee was worth one shilling and sixpence in sterling in 1947.

  9. Currency pair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currency_pair

    A currency pair is the quotation of the relative value of a currency unit against the unit of another currency in the foreign exchange market.The currency that is used as the reference is called the counter currency, quote currency, or currency [1] and the currency that is quoted in relation is called the base currency or transaction currency.