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The prostate is located right beneath the bladder, and surrounds the urethral sphincter. Any damage to the sphincter or surrounding muscles and nerves can lead to urinary incontinence. The problem is most severe in the first 6 to 12 months after treatment, but usually resolves on its own within this time. [ 17 ]
Transurethral microwave thermotherapy is a non-surgical, minimally invasive therapy that can be performed under a local anesthetic on an outpatient basis. The treatment involves inserting a special microwave urinary catheter into the hyperplastic prostatic urethra.
The braided mesh is designed to expand radially, applying constant gentle pressure to hold open the sections of the urethra that obstruct the flow of urine. The open, diamond-shape cell design of the stent allows the stent to eventually become embedded in the urethra, thus minimizing the risk for encrustation and migration.
Bleeding may be reduced by pre-treatment with an anti-androgen such as finasteride [6] [7] [8] or flutamide. [citation needed] Clot retention and clot colic. The blood released from the resected prostate may become stuck in the urethra and can cause pain and urine retention. Bladder wall injury, such as perforation (rare).
The RCT from 2016 comparing prostate steam treatment to a sham procedure (a placebo) found three months after the operation with moderate certainty that this procedure may improve the quality of life for men with moderate urinary symptoms. [5] [6] Observational studies showed positive outcomes up to four years of follow-up.
The underlying mechanism involves the prostate pressing on the urethra and thereby making it difficult to pass urine out of the bladder. [1] Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and examination after ruling out other possible causes. [2] Treatment options include lifestyle changes, medications, a number of procedures, and surgery.
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