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Remittances, defined as monetary transfers made by migrants to their home countries, play a crucial role in global economies and the livelihoods of individuals and families. In some countries, remittances account for more than 30% of the total economic output.
According to the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Pakistan has the 6th largest diaspora in the world. [24] In 2021, overseas Pakistanis sent record remittances with growth at 26 percent and levels reaching US$33 billion.
India is the world's top receiver of remittances, claiming more than 12% of the world's remittances in 2015. [29] [30] Indians living overseas are the world's largest diaspora. As per the Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs (MOIA), remittance is received from the approximately 35 million members of the Indian diaspora. [31]
The World Bank was created at the 1944 Bretton Woods Conference, along with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The president of the World Bank is traditionally an American. [12] The World Bank and the IMF are both based in Washington, D.C., and work closely with each other.
The paper also reports that Pakistan received the most aid out of all the countries in Southern Asia, with India just behind receiving $589 million in 2015. The biggest part of the aid to Pakistan was given for basic education. Out of the total $649 million, $371 million or 57.16 per cent was given for basic education. [1]
Pakistan maintains foreign reserves with the State Bank of Pakistan. The currency of the reserves was solely the US dollar, incurring speculated losses after the dollar prices fell during 2005, forcing the then Governor SBP Ishrat Hussain to step down. In the same year, the SBP issued an official statement proclaiming diversification of ...
The State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) (Urdu: بینک دولت پاکستان) is the central bank of Pakistan. Its Constitution , as originally laid down in the State Bank of Pakistan Order 1948, remained basically unchanged until 1 January 1974, when the bank was nationalised and the scope of its functions was considerably enlarged.
After independence, the State Bank of Pakistan was established as the central bank of the country, with its headquarters in Karachi. Prior to independence, the Reserve Bank of India acted as the central bank for what became Pakistan. Under pressure from the International Monetary Fund, Pakistan implemented economic reforms in the late 1990s. [1]