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Aircrack-ng is a network software suite consisting of a detector, packet sniffer, WEP and WPA/WPA2-PSK cracker and analysis tool for 802.11 wireless LANs.It works with any wireless network interface controller whose driver supports raw monitoring mode and can sniff 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g traffic.
WEP was included as the privacy component of the original IEEE 802.11 [8] standard ratified in 1997. [9] [10] WEP uses the stream cipher RC4 for confidentiality, [11] and the CRC-32 checksum for integrity. [12] It was deprecated in 2004 and is documented in the current standard. [13] Basic WEP encryption: RC4 keystream XORed with plaintext
WEP is an old IEEE 802.11 standard from 1997. [1] It is a notoriously weak security standard: the password it uses can often be cracked in a few minutes with a basic laptop computer and widely available software tools. [2] WEP was superseded in 2003 by WPA, a quick alternative at the time to improve security over WEP.
WEP used a 64-bit or 128-bit encryption key that must be manually entered on wireless access points and devices and does not change. TKIP employs a per-packet key, meaning that it dynamically generates a new 128-bit key for each packet and thus prevents the types of attacks that compromised WEP.
Erik Tews, Ralf-Philipp Weinmann, and Andrei Pychkine used this analysis to create aircrack-ptw, a tool that cracks 104-bit RC4 used in 128-bit WEP in under a minute. [47] Whereas the Fluhrer, Mantin, and Shamir attack used around 10 million messages, aircrack-ptw can break 104-bit keys in 40,000 frames with 50% probability, or in 85,000 frames ...
From there, they only need an IV in the form (a + 3, n − 1, x) for key index a equal to 0, element value space n equal to 256 (since 8 bits make a byte), and any x. To start, the attacker needs IVs of (3, 255, x). WEP uses 24-bit IVs, making each value one byte long. To start, the attacker utilizes the IV as the first 3 elements in K[ ].
Google in September complained to the European Commission about Microsoft's practices, saying it made customers pay a 400% mark-up to keep running Windows Server on rival cloud computing operators ...
Cain and Abel (often abbreviated to Cain) was a password recovery tool for Microsoft Windows.It could recover many kinds of passwords using methods such as network packet sniffing, cracking various password hashes by using methods such as dictionary attacks, brute force and cryptanalysis attacks. [1]