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Although namespaces are used extensively in recent C++ code, most older code does not use this facility because it did not exist in early versions of the language. For example, the entire C++ Standard Library is defined within namespace std , but before standardization many components were originally in the global namespace.
In the C++ Standard Library, several algorithms use unqualified calls to swap from within the std namespace. As a result, the generic std::swap function is used if nothing else is found, but if these algorithms are used with a third-party class, Foo, found in another namespace that also contains swap(Foo&, Foo&), that overload of swap will be used.
Added in C++20. Provides std::barrier, a reusable thread barrier. <future> Added in C++11. In 32.9.1-1, this section describes components that a C++ program can use to retrieve in one thread the result (value or exception) from a function that has run in the same thread or another thread. <hazard_pointer> Added in C++26. Provides std::hazard ...
The C++ language does not define a standard decoration scheme, so each compiler uses its own. C++ also has complex language features, such as classes, templates, namespaces, and operator overloading, that alter the meaning of specific symbols based on context or usage.
A using namespace:: std declaration above or within main can be issued to apply the ::std:: prefix automatically, although it’s generally considered poor practice to use it globally in headers because it pollutes the global namespace. [43] A few of the C++≥98 versions of C’s headers are missing; e.g., C≥11 <stdnoreturn.h> and <threads.h ...
[10] [11] vector<bool> does not meet the requirements for a C++ Standard Library container. For instance, a container<T>::reference must be a true lvalue of type T. This is not the case with vector<bool>::reference, which is a proxy class convertible to bool. [12] Similarly, the vector<bool>::iterator does not yield a bool& when dereferenced.
In computer programming, scope is an enclosing context where values and expressions are associated. The scope resolution operator helps to identify and specify the context to which an identifier refers, particularly by specifying a namespace or class.
In the C++ Standard Library, the algorithms library provides various functions that perform algorithmic operations on containers and other sequences, represented by Iterators. [1] The C++ standard provides some standard algorithms collected in the <algorithm> standard header. [2] A handful of algorithms are also in the <numeric> header.