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The United Nations agreement on biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction or BBNJ Agreement, also referred to by some stakeholders as the High Seas Treaty or Global Ocean Treaty, [29] is a legally binding instrument for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. [30]
Law of the sea (or ocean law) is a body of international law governing the rights and duties of states in maritime environments. [1] It concerns matters such as navigational rights, sea mineral claims, and coastal waters jurisdiction.
Rule 1 - Application. [6] This rule states that the COLREGs should be complied with by all vessels on the "high seas". [6]Rule 2 – Responsibility. [6] This rule allows Master mariners and other persons in charge of vessels to depart from the rules to "avoid immediate danger", provided there are special circumstances for doing so. [6]
A custom of the sea is a custom said to be practiced by the officers and crew of ships and boats in the open sea, as distinguished from maritime law, which is a distinct and coherent body of law governing maritime questions and offenses.
The world's exclusive economic zones by boundary types and EEZ types. An exclusive economic zone (EEZ), as prescribed by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, is an area of the sea in which a sovereign state has exclusive rights regarding the exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production from water and wind.
[1] [2] The Act has two essential aims: to regulate intentional ocean disposal of materials, and to authorize any related research. [3] While the MPRSA regulates the ocean dumping of waste and provides for a research program on ocean dumping, it also provides for the designation and regulation of marine sanctuaries referred to as the National ...
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Freedom of navigation as a legal and normative concept has developed only relatively recently. Until the early modern period, international maritime law was governed by customs that differed across countries’ legal systems and were only sometimes codified, as for example in the 14th-century Crown of Aragon Consulate of the Sea (Spanish: Consulado del mar; Italian: Consolato del mare; also ...