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  2. TCP tuning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP_tuning

    If the sender has not received acknowledgement for the first packet it sent, it will stop and wait and if this wait exceeds a certain limit, it may even retransmit. This is how TCP achieves reliable data transmission. Even if there is no packet loss in the network, windowing can limit throughput. Because TCP transmits data up to the window size ...

  3. Maximum transmission unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_transmission_unit

    Large packets occupy a link for more time than a smaller packet, causing greater delays to subsequent packets, and increasing network delay and delay variation. For example, a 1500-byte packet, the largest allowed by Ethernet at the network layer, ties up a 14.4k modem for about one second.

  4. Robust Header Compression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robust_Header_Compression

    one single network packet (e.g. the payload lengths in IP and UDP headers) several network packets that belong to one single stream (e.g. the IP addresses) Redundant information is transmitted in the first packets only. The next packets contain variable information, e.g. identifiers or sequence numbers.

  5. Packet processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_Processing

    A network packet is the fundamental building block for packet-switched networks. [15] When an item such as a file, e-mail message, voice or video stream is transmitted through the network, it is broken into chunks called packets that can be more efficiently moved through the network than one large block of data.

  6. Equal-cost multi-path routing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal-cost_multi-path_routing

    RFC 2992 analyzed one particular multipath routing strategy involving the assignment of flows through hashing flow-related data in the packet header. This solution is designed to avoid these problems by sending all packets from any particular network flow through the same path while balancing multiple flows over multiple paths in general. [2]

  7. Packet aggregation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_aggregation

    The ITU-T G.hn standard, which provides a way to create a high-speed (up to 1 Gigabit/s) Local area network using existing home wiring (power lines, phone lines and coaxial cables), is an example of a protocol that employs packet aggregation to increase efficiency.

  8. IP fragmentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_fragmentation

    An example of the fragmentation of a protocol data unit in a given layer into smaller fragments. IP fragmentation is an Internet Protocol (IP) process that breaks packets into smaller pieces (fragments), so that the resulting pieces can pass through a link with a smaller maximum transmission unit (MTU) than the original packet size.

  9. Performance-enhancing proxy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance-enhancing_proxy

    It is designed to hide interference or collision-based packet loss over a wireless link. Snoop proxies detect losses by monitoring TCP transmissions for duplicate acknowledgements. When duplicate TCP acknowledgements, indicating a packet loss, are received by Snoop, they will be silently dropped and lost data packet will be retransmitted.