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Gap or step deformity is less than 2mm [5] Treatment options for distal radius fractures include nonoperative management, external fixation, and internal fixation. [ 4 ] [ 9 ] Indications for each depend on a variety of factors such as the patient's age, initial fracture displacement, and metaphyseal and articular alignment, with the ultimate ...
Craniofacial surgery is a surgical subspecialty that deals with congenital and acquired deformities of the head, skull, face, neck, jaws and associated structures. Although craniofacial treatment often involves manipulation of bone, craniofacial surgery is not tissue-specific; craniofacial surgeons deal with bone, skin, nerve, muscle, teeth, and other related anatomy.
Surgical treatment of Le Fort fractures is almost always necessary, especially if the fractures are displaced or impact facial functions like eating and speaking. [6] Fractures can be repaired through maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) and/or open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) after life-threatening injuries have been addressed.
Approximately, 5% of the UK or USA population present with dentofacial deformities requiring Orthognathic surgery, jaw surgery, and Orthodontics, brace therapy, as a part of their definitive treatment. [3] [4] [5]
Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is used in orthopedic surgery, and oral and maxillofacial surgery to repair skeletal deformities and in reconstructive surgery. [1] [2] [3] It was originally used to treat problems like unequal leg length, but since the 1980s is most commonly used to treat issues like hemifacial microsomia, micrognathism (chin so small it causes health problems), craniofrontonasal ...
LFH: The face is divided into thirds, and the proportion of the lower third of the face is compared to the rest. The transverse relationship is a measure of jaw or facial asymmetry. It checks for the alignment of the soft tissue nasion, the middle part of the upper lip at the vermillion border, and the chin point.
Maxillary hypoplasia is the most common secondary deformity that results from cleft lip and cleft palate. Because of the subjective nature of the diagnosis, the incidence of maxillary hypoplasia in people with cleft lip and palate varies between 15-50%. It is estimated that 25-50% of these patients require surgical intervention. [7]
A Smith's fracture, is a fracture of the distal radius. [1]Although it can also be caused by a direct blow to the dorsal forearm [2] or by a fall with the wrist flexed, the most common mechanism of injury for Smith's fracture occurs in a palmar fall with the wrist joint slightly dorsiflexed. [3]