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A Rathke's cleft cyst is a benign growth on the pituitary gland in the brain, specifically a mucin-filled [1] cyst in the posterior portion of the anterior pituitary gland. [2] [3] It occurs when the Rathke's pouch does not develop properly and ranges in size from 2 to 40 mm in diameter.
Rathke's pouch may develop benign cysts. Craniopharyngioma is a neoplasm which can arise from the epithelium within the cleft. Abnormal development of Rathke's pouch can lead to various congenital disorders such as Rathke's cleft cysts.
Nasopharyngeal cyst refers to cystic swelling arising from midline and lateral wall of the nasopharynx. The commonest cyst arising from lateral wall is the nasopharyngeal branchial cyst, whereas the mucus retention cysts are the commonest to arise from the midline. [1] Sometimes nasopharyngeal cyst may directly refer to Tornwaldt cyst. [2]
Endoscopic endonasal surgery is a minimally invasive technique used mainly in neurosurgery and otolaryngology.A neurosurgeon or an otolaryngologist, using an endoscope that is entered through the nose, fixes or removes brain defects or tumors in the anterior skull base.
The cyst can also become infected and form an abscess, or a painful, puss-filled pocket. Once branchial cysts begin growing, doctors will advise immediate removal to prevent further infection.
Shona Holmes, or Shona Robertson-Holmes, (born 1964 (age 59–60)) is a Canadian woman who underwent treatment for a Rathke's cleft cyst in the United States, and claimed the condition threatened her life. [1] Her cyst was removed August 1, 2005. Holmes sought treatment in the US claiming that she was unable to get timely treatment in Canada.
Asymptomatic cysts, termed pseudocysts, normally require active monitoring with periodic scans for future growth. [7] Symptomatic (producing or showing symptoms) cysts may require surgical removal if they are present in areas where brain damage is unavoidable, or if they produce chronic symptoms disruptive to the quality of life of the patient.
Alternative diagnoses for CCRN consist of thyroglossal duct cyst, hair follicle naevus, fibroepithelial polyp, and branchial cleft cyst. [6] Thyroglossal duct cysts are typically found in the midline of the neck, near the hyoid bone, and move with tongue protrusion or swallowing. [7]
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