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The first example below uses the present subjunctive, and the second the perfect: [328] dลซrum hoc fortasse videฤtur (Cicero) [329] 'this may perhaps seem harsh' A relative clause which is indefinite uses the subjunctive mood in Latin. This is known as a generic relative clause:
In Latin, most verbs have four principal parts.For example, the verb for "to carry" is given as portล – portฤre – portฤvฤซ – portฤtum, where portล is the first-person singular present active indicative ("I carry"), portฤre is the present active infinitive ("to carry"), portฤvฤซ is the first-person singular perfect active indicative ("I carried"), and portฤtum is the neuter supine.
The present perfect form is often called in German the "conversational past" while the simple past is often called the "narrative past". In Standard German, the sein -vs- haben distinction includes the intransitive-+-motion idea for sein ('to be') usage but is independent of the reflexive-voice difference when forming the Perfekt .
Ancient Greek has no perfect progressive or past perfect progressive. Thus, the meaning "he has been doing" is typically expressed with the present tense, and "he had been doing (earlier)" is expressed with the imperfect tense: [30] πολλฮฌ γε แผτη แผคδη εแผฐμแฝถ แผν τแฟ τฮญχνแฟ. [31] pollá ge étฤ แธdฤ eimì en têi ...
The conjugations of the indicative perfect past and the indicative imperfect past are derived from participles (just like the past tense formation in Slavic languages) and hence they agree with the grammatical number and the gender of noun which the pronoun refers to and not the pronoun itself. The perfect past doubles as the perfective aspect ...
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