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Arm recoil is a neurological examination of neonate for detecting the muscle tone. [1] [2] ... The greater the tone development ...
Hypotonia is a state of low muscle tone [1] (the amount of tension or resistance to stretch in a muscle), often involving reduced muscle strength. Hypotonia is not a specific medical disorder, but a potential manifestation of many different diseases and disorders that affect motor nerve control by the brain or muscle strength.
Whereas the neurological criteria depend mainly upon muscle tone, the physical ones rely on anatomical changes. The neonate (less than 37 weeks of age) is in a state of physiological hypotonia. This tone increases throughout the fetal growth period, meaning a more premature baby would have a lesser muscle tone. It was developed in 1979. [1]
CMD with brain-eye, also called muscle-eye-brain disease, [19] is a rare form of congenital muscular dystrophy (autosomal recessive disorder) causing a lack of normal muscle tone which can delay walking due to being weak, also paralysis of eye muscles and intellectual disability which affects an individual's way of processing information. [19]
High muscle tone can either be due to spasticity or dystonia. [20] Cerebral palsy is characterized by abnormal muscle tone, reflexes, or motor development and coordination. The neurological lesion is primary and permanent while orthopedic manifestations are secondary to high muscle tone and progressive. In cerebral palsy with high muscle tone ...
Both the extensor and flexor muscles are involved in the maintenance of a constant tone while at rest. In skeletal muscles, this helps maintain a normal posture. Resting muscle tone varies along a bell-shaped curve. Low tone is perceived as "lax, flabby, floppy, mushy, dead weight" and high tone is perceived as "tight, light, strong".
The afflicted offspring typically show skeletal muscle hypotonia (i.e., poor muscle tone) and weaknesses that are most prominent in head and neck muscles and cause facial diplegia (i.e., paralysis or weakness of the skeletal muscles on both sides of the face), reduced control of swallowing; weak crying, sucking, and chewing; the inability to ...
Dyskinetic cerebral palsy could have multiple causes. The majority of the children are born at term and experience perinatal adverse events which can be supported by neuroimaging. Possible causes are perinatal hypoxic-ischaemia and neonatal shock in children born at term or near term.