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In anatomy, the meninges (/ m ə ˈ n ɪ n dʒ iː z /; [1] [2] sg. meninx / ˈ m iː n ɪ ŋ k s, ˈ m ɛ n ɪ ŋ k s /; [3] from Ancient Greek μῆνιγξ (mêninx) 'membrane') [4] are the three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord. In mammals, the meninges are the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater.
The meninges comprise three membranes that, together with the cerebrospinal fluid, enclose and protect the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system). The pia mater is a delicate impermeable membrane that firmly adheres to the surface of the brain, following all the minor contours.
A tumor growing from the meninges is referred to as a meningioma. Most meningiomas grow from the arachnoid mater inward applying pressure on the pia mater and therefore the brain or spinal cord. While meningiomas make up 20% of primary brain tumors and 12% of spinal cord tumors, 90% of these tumors are benign.
MRI of the brain with contrast may show enhancement of the meninges and the subarachnoid space however MRI may also be normal. [ 6 ] [ 2 ] MRI is the preferred neuroimaging test to diagnose chronic meningitis, being more sensitive than CT of the brain, however, MRI scanners are not available in many resource-limited settings where chronic ...
The subarachnoid cisterns are spaces formed by openings in the subarachnoid space, an anatomic space in the meninges of the brain. [1] The space is situated between the two meninges, the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. These cisterns are filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). [1]
The arachnoid mater is interposed between the two other meninges, the more superficial (closer to the surface) and much thicker dura mater and the deeper pia mater, from which it is separated by the subarachnoid space. The delicate arachnoid layer is not attached to the inside of the dura but against it, and surrounds the brain and spinal cord.
Embryologically, the arachnoid trabeculae are the remnants of the common precursor that forms both the arachnoid and pial layers of the meninges. The initial development of the subarachnoid space occurs in two phases: [13] A mesenchymal layer "invades" between the embryonic epithelium and the developing neuroepithelium of the telencephalon.
Mollaret's meningitis is a recurrent or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges.Since Mollaret's meningitis is a recurrent, benign (non-cancerous), aseptic meningitis, it is also referred to as benign recurrent lymphocytic meningitis.