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Description: A vector image I created using Adobe Illustrator of the spinal cord and muscles showing the action of muscle relaxants, spasmolytics etc. Black lines ending in arrow heads represent chemicals or actions that enhance the target of the lines.
The primary advantages of a plantigrade foot are stability and weight-bearing ability; plantigrade feet have the largest surface area. The primary disadvantage of a plantigrade foot is speed. With more bones and joints in the foot, the leg is both shorter and heavier at the far end, which makes it difficult to move rapidly.
Spasticity (from Greek spasmos- 'drawing, pulling') is a feature of altered skeletal muscle performance with a combination of paralysis, increased tendon reflex activity, and hypertonia. It is also colloquially referred to as an unusual "tightness", stiffness, or "pull" of muscles.
Spasticity, a velocity-dependent change in muscle tone; Clasp-knife response where initial higher resistance to movement is followed by a lesser resistance; Babinski sign is present, where the big toe is raised (extended) rather than curled downwards (flexed) upon appropriate stimulation of the sole of the foot. The presence of the Babinski ...
Spastic diplegia is a form of cerebral palsy (CP) that is a chronic neuromuscular condition of hypertonia and spasticity in the muscles of the lower extremities of the human body, manifested as an especially high and constant "tightness" or "stiffness", [1] [2] usually in the legs, hips and pelvis.
Cadaveric spasm may affect all muscles in the body, but typically only groups, such as the forearms, or hands. Cadaveric spasm is seen in cases of drowning victims when grass, weeds, roots or other materials are clutched, and provides evidence of life at the time of entry into the water.
Spastic cerebral palsy is caused by malformation of or damage to the parts of the brain that control movement. [12] What exactly makes some children susceptible to such brain damage is often unknown but it is believed that cerebral palsy may be the result of causal pathways, or chains of events that cause or increase the likelihood of brain injury. [13]
Pyramidal tract dysfunction can lead to various clinical presentations such as spasticity, weakness, slowing of rapid alternating movements, hyperreflexia, and a positive Babinski sign. [1] The presence of these phenomena is nearly always connected with hyperreflexia and some authors think that we can not count them as a pathological reactions ...