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Control rods are a series of rods that can be quickly inserted into the reactor core to absorb neutrons and rapidly terminate the nuclear reaction. [2] They are typically composed of actinides , lanthanides , transition metals , and boron , [ 3 ] in various alloys with structural backing such as steel.
Laboratory quality control material is usually run at the beginning of each shift, after an instrument is serviced, when reagent lots are changed, after equipment calibration, and whenever patient results seem inappropriate. [1] Quality control material should approximate the same matrix as patient specimens, taking into account properties such ...
The pneumatic control signals are traditionally based on a pressure range of 3–15 psi (0.2–1.0 bar), or more commonly now, an electrical signal of 4-20mA for industry, or 0–10 V for HVAC systems. Electrical control now often includes a "Smart" communication signal superimposed on the 4–20 mA control current, such that the health and ...
In the event of a contingency that disables all of the safety systems, each reactor is surrounded by a containment building consisting of 1.2–2.4 m (3.9–7.9 ft) of steel-reinforced, pre-stressed concrete designed to seal off the reactor from the environment.
where m indicates mass. Another definition used in chemical engineering defines quality (q) of a fluid as the fraction that is saturated liquid. [2] By this definition, a saturated liquid has q = 0. A saturated vapor has q = 1. [3] An alternative definition is the 'equilibrium thermodynamic quality'.
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Simple example of a process control chart, tracking the etch (removal) rate of Silicon in an ICP Plasma Etcher at a microelectronics waferfab. [1] Time-series data shows the mean value and ±5% bars. A more sophisticated SPC chart may include "control limit" & "spec limit" % lines to indicate whether/what action should be taken.
This improper name persists, especially in elementary textbooks. In biology, the unit "%" is sometimes (incorrectly) used to denote mass concentration, also called mass/volume percentage. A solution with 1 g of solute dissolved in a final volume of 100 mL of solution would be labeled as "1%" or "1% m/v" (mass/volume). This is incorrect because ...