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Following the First Chechen War of 1994–1996 with Russia, Chechnya gained de facto independence as the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, although de jure it remained a part of Russia. Russian federal control was restored in the Second Chechen War of 1999–2009, with Chechen politics being dominated by the former Ichkerian mufti Akhmad Kadyrov ...
The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (/ ɪ tʃ ˈ k ɛr i ə / itch-KERR-ee-ə; Chechen: Нохчийн Республик Ичкери, romanized: Nóxçiyn Respublik Içkeri; Russian: Чеченская Республика Ичкерия, romanized: Chechenskaya Respublika Ichkeriya; abbreviated as "ChRI" or "CRI"), known simply as Ichkeria, and also known as Chechnya, is a former de facto ...
The name Ичкерия (Ičkérija) comes from the river Iskark in south-eastern Chechnya. [39] The term was mentioned first as "Iskeria" in a Russian document by Colonel Pollo from 1836. The illesh , or epic legends, tell of conflicts between the Chechens and their Kumyk and Kabardin overlords. [ 40 ]
The name Chechen occurs in Russian sources in the late 16th century as "Chachana", which is mentioned as a land owned by the Chechen Prince Shikh Murza. [28] The etymology is of Nakh origin and originates from the word Che ("inside") attached to the suffix - cha / chan , which altogether can be translated as "inside territory".
Dal (Chechen), Däl (Ingush), or Dala – The supreme god. Equivalent to Greek Zeus, Roman Jupiter, Germanic Wodan and Circassian Theshxwe. [5] Gal-Yerdi or Gela – Sun-god and patron of cattle breeders. [5] Worshipped on the Nakh New Year's Day, and offered metal orbs and candles, as well as animal sacrifices at times. [6] Hela – God of ...
Unlike in certain other religions, there was no judgment in the afterlife. Dela-Malkh was the sun god playing a central role in religious celebrations. On December 25, Nakhs celebrated the Sun Festival in honour of the Sun God's birthday. [86] The names of stars and constellations were also connected to myths:
Gubash of Gukhoy, Chechen elder who was known for being anti Caucasian Imamate; Baysangur of Benoa, Chechen governor and military leader; Uma Duyev, Chechen military leader during the Russo-Caucasian War. Leader of the uprisings in Chechnya in 1860–1861 and 1877; Alexander Chechenskiy, Russian major general and participant in the Napoleonic wars
A diagram of the names of God in Athanasius Kircher's Oedipus Aegyptiacus (1652–1654). The style and form are typical of the mystical tradition, as early theologians began to fuse emerging pre-Enlightenment concepts of classification and organization with religion and alchemy, to shape an artful and perhaps more conceptual view of God.