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  2. Periodic table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_table

    Elements in the same group tend to show similar chemical characteristics. Vertical, horizontal and diagonal trends characterize the periodic table. Metallic character increases going down a group and from right to left across a period. Nonmetallic character increases going from the bottom left of the periodic table to the top right.

  3. Periodic trends - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_trends

    According to this scale, fluorine is the most electronegative element, while cesium is the least electronegative element. [ 18 ] Trend-wise, as one moves from left to right across a period in the modern periodic table , the electronegativity increases as the nuclear charge increases and the atomic size decreases.

  4. Properties of metals, metalloids and nonmetals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Properties_of_metals...

    The chemical elements can be broadly divided into metals, metalloids, and nonmetals according to their shared physical and chemical properties.All elemental metals have a shiny appearance (at least when freshly polished); are good conductors of heat and electricity; form alloys with other metallic elements; and have at least one basic oxide.

  5. List of chemical elements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements

    A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [ 1 ] The definitive visualisation of all 118 elements is the periodic table of the elements , whose history along the principles of the periodic law was one of the founding ...

  6. Electronegativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronegativity

    Electropositivity is a measure of an element's ability to donate electrons, and therefore form positive ions; thus, it is antipode to electronegativity. Mainly, this is an attribute of metals, meaning that, in general, the greater the metallic character of an element the greater the electropositivity.

  7. Metal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal

    A metallic glass (also known as an amorphous or glassy metal) is a solid metallic material, usually an alloy, with a disordered atomic-scale structure. Most pure and alloyed metals, in their solid state, have atoms arranged in a highly ordered crystalline structure. In contrast these have a non-crystalline glass-like structure.

  8. Aluminium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium

    In the Earth's crust, aluminium is the most abundant metallic element (8.23% by mass [33]) and the third most abundant of all elements (after oxygen and silicon). [65] A large number of silicates in the Earth's crust contain aluminium. [66] In contrast, the Earth's mantle is only 2.38% aluminium by mass. [67]

  9. Lists of metalloids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_metalloids

    The elements commonly classified as metalloids are boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony and tellurium. [n 4] The status of polonium and astatine is not settled. Most authors recognise one or the other, or both, as metalloids; Herman, Hoffmann and Ashcroft, on the basis of relativistic modelling, predict astatine will be a monatomic metal.