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Sophia B. Jones was a Canadian-born American medical doctor, who founded the nursing program at Spelman College. She was the first black woman to graduate from the University of Michigan Medical School and the first black faculty member at Spelman. [24] M. Mary Mahoney was the first African-American to graduate from nursing training, graduating ...
Thomas M. Morgan, "The education and medical practice of Dr. James McCune Smith (1813-1865), first black American to hold a medical degree", Journal of the National Medical Association. 2003 Jul; 95(7):603-14, full text. Kevin O'Reilly, "New recognition for first black U.S. doctor with medical degree", American Medical News, November 8, 2010.
Daniel Hale Williams (January 18, 1856 [a] – August 4, 1931) was an American surgeon and hospital founder. An Black American, he founded Provident Hospital in 1891, which was the first non-segregated hospital in the United States.
African Americans have been the victims of oppression, discrimination and persecution throughout American history, with an impact on African-American innovation according to a 2014 study by economist Lisa D. Cook, which linked violence towards African Americans and lack of legal protections over the period from 1870 to 1940 with lowered innovation. [1]
Another black physician, A. W. Tucker, was proposed on June 23, but was also rejected. In response, these three formed the National Medical Society. [ 14 ] Augusta feared such exclusion from a professional society would impede the progress of younger African-American physicians in the city, and worked against such racial discrimination.
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Sophia Bethena Jones (May 16, 1857 – September 8, 1932) was a British North America-born American medical doctor and the first woman of African descent to graduate from the University of Michigan Medical School. She founded the Nursing Program at Spelman College, where she was the first black faculty member. [2]
Arthur McKinnon Brown (November 9, 1867 – December 4, 1939), also known as Arthur McKimmon Brown, was an American physician.In the city of Birmingham, Alabama, Brown was one of the earliest African American physicians, [1] [2] and the first African American surgeon in the United States Army. [3]