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Fragment 31 is composed in Sapphic stanzas, a metrical form named after Sappho and consisting of stanzas of three long followed by one short line. [b] Four strophes of the poem survive, along with a few words of a fifth. [1] The poem is written in the Aeolic dialect, which was the dialect spoken in Sappho's time on her home island of Lesbos.
Sappho may have had a daughter named Cleïs, who is referred to in two fragments. [35] Not all scholars accept that Cleïs was Sappho's daughter. Fragment 132 describes Cleïs as "pais", which, as well as meaning "child", can also refer to the "youthful beloved in a male homosexual liaison". [36]
A few centuries later, the Roman poet Catullus admired Sappho's work and used the Sapphic stanza in two poems: Catullus 11 (commemorating the end of his affair with Clodia) and Catullus 51 (marking its beginning). [4] The latter is a free translation of Sappho 31. [5] Horace wrote 25 of his Odes as well as the Carmen Saeculare in Sapphics.
Sappho's work has influenced many later poets, from Catullus' translation of Sappho 31 [33] to the imagism of Ezra Pound, H.D., and Richard Aldington. [34] Clay identifies a number of classical works which may allude to the midnight poem, including Aristophanes ' play Ecclesiazusae and the fifteenth of Ovid 's Heroides . [ 35 ]
Sappho, who wrote in the late seventh and early sixth centuries BCE, names Anactoria as the object of her desire in a poem numbered as fragment 16. Another of her poems, fragment 31, is traditionally called the "Ode to Anactoria", though no name appears in it. As portrayed by Sappho, Anactoria is likely to have been an aristocratic follower of ...
Sappho was an ancient Greek lyric poet from the island of Lesbos. She wrote around 10,000 lines of poetry, only a small fraction of which survives. Only one poem is known to be complete; in some cases as little as a single word survives.
Numerology is a practice that ascribes meaning to specific digits and series of digits. The last day of the year — Dec. 31, 2023 — is particularly intriguing, numerologically speaking.
The fact that Victorian readers associated frag. 31 with Anactoria is an aspect of Sappho's reception, but it has nothing to do with Sappho herself, or with the text as we have it, and it really shouldn't appear in a section headed "In Sappho".