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Topographical map of Virginia. The Native American tribes in Virginia are the Indigenous peoples whose tribal nations historically or currently are based in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States of America. Native peoples lived throughout Virginia for at least 12,000 years. [1]
Populations are the total census counts and include non-Native American people as well, sometimes making up a majority of the residents. The total population of all of them is 1,043,762. [citation needed] A Bureau of Indian Affairs map of Indian reservations belonging to federally recognized tribes in the continental United States
Map of states with US federally recognized tribes marked in yellow. States with no federally recognized tribes are marked in gray. Federally recognized tribes are those Native American tribes recognized by the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs as holding a government-to-government relationship with the US federal government. [1]
The number of tribes increased to 573 with the addition of six tribes in Virginia under the Thomasina E. Jordan Indian Tribes of Virginia Federal Recognition Act of 2017, signed in January 2018 after the annual list had been published. [1]
They have been recognized as a tribe by the Commonwealth of Virginia and own 32 acres (130,000 m 2) of land in Hanover County. [6] [7] Federal status was granted to the Upper Mattaponi Tribe through the passage of the Thomasina E. Jordan Indian Tribes of Virginia Federal Recognition Act of 2017 on January 12, 2018. [8]
Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. Helen C. Rountree. The Powhatan Indians of Virginia: Their Traditional Culture. Norman, Univ. of Oklahoma Press (1989). Helen C. Rountree. Pocahontas's People: The Powhatan Indians of Virginia through Four Centuries. Norman, Univ. of Oklahoma Press (1990).
The Patawomeck Indian Tribe of Virginia is one of Virginia's eleven state-recognized Native American tribes. [18] It is however not federally recognized. It achieved state recognition in February 2010. [19] In the 17th century, at the time of early English colonization, the Patawomeck tribe was a "fringe" component of the Powhatan Confederacy
In the 1980s, Virginia recognized six more tribes, [49] also descended from the Powhatan Confederacy. In 2010, Virginia recognized three more tribes; [49] one being the Patawomeck Indian Tribe of Virginia, [50] who identify as being descendants of the Patawomeck people who were loosely connected to the Powhatan Confederacy.