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Africa has a long history of child labour. Above, colonial Cameroon children weaving in 1919.. Children in Africa have worked in farms and at home over a long history. This is not unique to Africa; large number of children have worked in agriculture and domestic situations in America, Europe and every other human society, throughout history, prior to 1950s.
Child labour is defined by the International Labour Organization (ILO) as participation in economic activity by underage persons aged 5 to 17. Child work harms children, interferes with their education, and prevents their development. The prevalence of child labour is notable in regions such as Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia ...
Female child labour in Nigeria refers to the high incidence in Nigeria of girls aged 5–14 who are involved in economic activities outside education and leisure. [1] The prevalence of female child labour in Nigeria is largely due to household economic status, [2] but other factors include: the educational status of parents, the presence of peer pressure, and high societal demand for domestic ...
[1]: page 594 Poor children in particular are trafficked internally for commercial sexual exploitation. [1]: page 594 Tanzania ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1991 [3] and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child in 2003. [4] Tanzania then enacted the Law of the Child Act, 2009. [5]
Income from working children, even if small, may be between 25 and 40% of the household income. Other scholars such as Harsch on African child labour, and Edmonds and Pavcnik on global child labour have reached the same conclusion. [15] [58] [59] While poverty is a significant factor, the relationship between poverty and child labor is complex.
The 2016 Global Estimates of Child Labour indicate that one-fifth of all African children are involved in child labour. [4] Nine percent of African children are in hazardous work. It is estimated that more than 1.8 million children in West Africa are involved in growing cocoa. [5]
Child labour in Swaziland. All these countries have ratified the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999, which identifies worst forms of child labour, including the commercial sexual exploitation of children, forced labour, children used by adults in the commission of crime, child trafficking and other forms of very hazardous work. The ...
The ILO contends that, globally, child labour is slowly declining, except in sub-Saharan Africa, where the number of child workers has remained relatively constant: 1 in 4 children aged 5–17 work in this region. [24] In 2018 UNICEF reported that 31% of total child labour is located in West Africa. In this region, one in six children between ...