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The .303 British (designated as the 303 British by the C.I.P. [2] and SAAMI [3]) or 7.7×56mmR, is a .303-inch (7.7 mm) calibre rimmed tapered bottleneck centerfire rifle cartridge. The .303 inch bore diameter is measured between rifling lands as is the common practice in Europe which follows the traditional black powder convention.
The .303/25, sometimes known as the .25/303 is a wildcat centrefire rifle cartridge, based on the .303 British, necked down to fire a .257 projectile, originating in Australia in the 1940s as a cartridge for sporterised rifles, particularly on the Lee–Enfield action; similar versions also appeared in Canada around the same time.
[citation needed] Most are made primarily for hunting species such as deer, kangaroo, and are generally based on the .303 British because of the post-war popularity of that round and of the cheap surplus Australian Lee–Enfield MkIII military rifles available. Many of these surplus rifles were re-barreled to .257 caliber, known as the 303-25.
The .303 Magnum was a bottlenecked centerfire rifle cartridge that was produced in both semi-rimmed and rimless versions. The cartridge fired a projectile of 174 grains (11.3 g) at 2,850 feet per second (870 m/s). The cartridge's case capacity was the same as the .30-06 Springfield, although performance was considered to favour the .303 Magnum.
Although military surplus rifles in .303 British were widely available in Canada, the .30-30 was so common that for many years the Hudson Bay Company and other stores in remote areas stocked only .30-30 ammunition. [21] The .30-30 is commonly seen as usable on deer up to 150 to 200 yards. [22]
.303 British cartridge (Mk VII) FMJ, manufactured by CAC in 1945. In the Second World War, it was New Zealand's only industrial manufacturer of ammunition (having temporarily increased its workforce from 230 to 900), with production in countries like Australia having long since overtaken the small size of the New Zealand market for ammunition.
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NA&A Co (National Arms & Ammunition Co) Martini–Enfield rifles were very well made and are more than capable of handling modern commercial .303 British ammunition, but, as with all second hand firearms, they should always be checked by a competent gunsmith before attempting to fire them.