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Common causes of cellular hypoxia resulting in elevated levels of EPO (up to 10 000 mU/mL) include any anemia, and hypoxemia due to chronic lung disease and mouth disease. Erythropoietin is produced by interstitial fibroblasts in the kidney in close association with the peritubular capillary and proximal convoluted tubule.
Erythropoietin is also used to treat anemia in people, and cats and dogs, with chronic kidney disease who are not on dialysis (those in Stage 3 or 4 disease and those living with a kidney transplant). There are two types of erythropoietin for people, and cats and dogs, with anemia due to chronic kidney disease (not on dialysis). [12] [13]
Recombinant erythropoietin (EPO) is very effective in treating the diminished red blood cell production that accompanies end-stage kidney disease. Erythropoietin is a sialoglycoprotein hormone produced by peritubular cells of kidney.
A feedback loop involving erythropoietin helps regulate the process of erythropoiesis so that, in non-disease states, the production of red blood cells is equal to the destruction of red blood cells and the red blood cell number is sufficient to sustain adequate tissue oxygen levels but not so high as to cause sludging, thrombosis, or stroke ...
"Testosterone stimulates the production of a hormone called erythropoietin (EPO) and decreases the production of a hormone called hepcidin," Staheli says. ... Kidney and liver disease. Obesity ...
The term "non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease" (NDD-CKD) is a designation used to encompass the status of those persons with an established CKD who do not yet require the life-supporting treatments for kidney failure known as kidney replacement therapy (RRT, including maintenance dialysis or kidney transplantation).
The production of red blood cells (or erythropoeisis) in the body is regulated by erythropoietin, which is a protein produced by the kidneys in response to poor oxygen delivery. [14] As a result, more erythropoeitin is produced to encourage red blood cell production and increase oxygen-carrying capacity.
Erythropoiesis-stimulating drugs, [3] erythropoietin-type blood factors [2] Use: Anemia due to end stage kidney disease, chemotherapy, major surgery, or certain treatments in HIV/AIDS [1] [2] ATC code: B03XA: Legal status; In Wikidata
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