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Mouth infections, also known as oral infections, are a group of infections that occur around the oral cavity. They include dental infection , dental abscess , and Ludwig's angina . Mouth infections typically originate from dental caries at the root of molars and premolars that spread to adjacent structures.
The host's immune system controls the bacterial colonization of the mouth and prevents local infection of tissues. A dynamic equilibrium exists notably between the bacteria of dental plaque and the host's immune system, enabling the plaque to stay behind in the mouth when other biofilms are washed away. [18]
In a periapical abscess, usually the origin is a bacterial infection that has accumulated in the soft, often dead, pulp of the tooth. This can be caused by tooth decay, broken teeth or extensive periodontal disease (or combinations of these factors). A failed root canal treatment may also create a similar abscess.
However, there are some remedies used in the treatment of oral bacterial infection, in conjunction with mechanical cleaning. These include fluoride, which has a direct inhibitory effect on the enolase enzyme, as well as chlorhexidine, which works presumably by interfering with bacterial adherence.
Tetracycline: A wide spectrum antibiotic used to treat multiple bacterial infections. If prescribed during permanent tooth eruption in the mouth, grey staining can occur on the erupting teeth, presenting as a grey band at the point of eruption. The severity of the stain can vary depending on the level of intake of tetracycline. [12]
Oral candidiasis is the most common fungal infection of the mouth, [77] and it also represents the most common opportunistic oral infection in humans. [78] Infections of the mouth occur in about 6% of babies less than a month old. [7] About 20% of those receiving chemotherapy for cancer and 20% of those with AIDS also develop the disease. [7]
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