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This is a list of major and frequently observed neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), symptoms (e.g., back pain), signs (e.g., aphasia) and syndromes (e.g., Aicardi syndrome). There is disagreement over the definitions and criteria used to delineate various disorders and whether some of these conditions should be classified as ...
The specific causes of neurological problems vary but can include genetic disorders, congenital abnormalities or disorders, infections, lifestyle, or environmental health problems such as pollution, malnutrition, brain damage, spinal cord injury, nerve injury, or gluten sensitivity (with or without intestinal damage or digestive symptoms).
Degenerative spinal disorders involve a loss of function in the spine. Pressure on the spinal cord and nerves may be associated with herniation or disc displacement. Brain degeneration also causes central nervous system diseases (i.e. Alzheimer's, Lewy body dementia, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases).
Infections of the central nervous system (CNS) consist of infections primarily of the brain and spinal cord. They include mostly viral infections, less commonly bacterial infections, fungal infections, prion diseases and protozoan infections. Neonatal meningitis is a particular classification by age.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that results in the loss of neurons and synapses in the cerebral cortex and certain subcortical structures, resulting in gross atrophy of the temporal lobe, parietal lobe, and parts of the frontal cortex and cingulate gyrus. [14]
One of the leading theories behind Alzheimer’s disease is that the toxic accumulation of the proteins beta-amyloid and tau in the brain can cause many of the symptoms related to this condition.
Atrial fibrillation causes blood clots to form within the heart, which may travel to the arteries within the brain and cause an embolism. The embolism prevents blood flow to the brain, which leads to a stroke. [26] An aneurysm is an abnormal bulging of small sections of arteries, which increases the risk of artery rupture.
Pick's disease, causes progressive destruction of nerve cells in the brain; Huntington's disease, and other genetic disorders that cause build-up of toxic levels of proteins in neurons; Leukodystrophies, such as Krabbe disease, which destroy the myelin sheath that protects axons; Multiple sclerosis, which causes inflammation, myelin damage, and ...
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