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Aminoglycoside is a medicinal and bacteriologic category of traditional Gram-negative antibacterial medications that inhibit protein synthesis and contain as a portion of the molecule an amino-modified glycoside .
Aminoglycoside-3'-phosphotransferase (APH(3')), also known as aminoglycoside kinase, is an enzyme that primarily catalyzes the addition of phosphate from ATP to the 3'-hydroxyl group of a 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycoside, such as kanamycin. [2]
Serious side effects include ringing in the ears or loss of hearing, toxicity to kidneys, and allergic reactions to the drug. [11] Ototoxicity is a common quality among aminoglycosides, and its rate of incidence in kanamycin is around 3-10%.
Generic name Brand names Common uses [4] Possible side effects [4] Mechanism of action Aminoglycosides; Amikacin: Amikin: Infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Effective against aerobic bacteria (not obligate/facultative anaerobes) and tularemia. All ...
Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Streptomyces tenebrarius that is used to treat various types of bacterial infections, particularly Gram-negative infections. It is especially effective against species of Pseudomonas. [9] It was patented in 1965, and approved for medical use in 1974. [10]
Neomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that displays bactericidal activity against Gram-negative aerobic bacilli and some anaerobic bacilli where resistance has not yet arisen. It is generally not effective against Gram-positive bacilli and anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli. Neomycin comes in oral and topical formulations, including creams ...
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Gentamicin is a type of aminoglycoside [5] and works by disrupting the ability of the bacteria to make proteins, which typically kills the bacteria. [ 5 ] Gentamicin is naturally produced by the bacterium Micromonospora purpurea , [ 9 ] [ 5 ] was patented in 1962, approved for medical use in 1964. [ 10 ]