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Copper(II) chloride is used as a catalyst in a variety of processes that produce chlorine by oxychlorination. The Deacon process takes place at about 400 to 450 °C in the presence of a copper chloride: [8] 4 HCl + O 2 → 2 Cl 2 + 2 H 2 O. Copper(II) chloride catalyzes the chlorination in the production of vinyl chloride and dichloromethane. [8]
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from Latin: cuprum) and the atomic number of 29. It is easily recognisable, due to its distinct red-orange color . Copper also has a range of different organic and inorganic salts , having varying oxidation states ranging from (0,I) to (III).
The compound can be produced quantitatively also by reacting carbon tetrachloride CCl 4 and 1,1-dichloroethene Cl 2 C=CH 2 at 80-150 °C, with a copper-based catalyst, such as copper(I) chloride or copper(II) chloride, and possibly an amine as co-catalyst.
The molar mass of atoms of an element is given by the relative atomic mass of the element multiplied by the molar mass constant, M u ≈ 1.000 000 × 10 −3 kg/mol ≈ 1 g/mol. For normal samples from Earth with typical isotope composition, the atomic weight can be approximated by the standard atomic weight [ 2 ] or the conventional atomic weight.
Copper(I) chloride is produced industrially by the direct combination of copper metal and chlorine at 450–900 °C: [11] [12] 2 Cu + Cl 2 → 2 CuCl Copper(I) chloride can also be prepared by reducing copper(II) chloride with sulfur dioxide , or with ascorbic acid ( vitamin C ) that acts as a reducing sugar : [ 13 ] [ 14 ]
Many other oxyanions form complexes; these include copper(II) acetate, copper(II) nitrate, and copper(II) carbonate. Copper(II) sulfate forms a blue crystalline pentahydrate, the most familiar copper compound in the laboratory. It is used in a fungicide called the Bordeaux mixture. [67] Ball-and-stick model of the complex [Cu(NH 3) 4 (H 2 O) 2 ...
Basic copper carbonate precipitates from the solution, with release of carbon dioxide CO 2: [7] 2CuSO 4 + 2Na 2 CO 3 + H 2 O → Cu 2 (OH) 2 CO 3 + 2Na 2 SO 4 + CO 2. Basic copper carbonate can also be prepared by treating aqueous solutions of copper(II) sulfate with sodium bicarbonate. Copper(II) sulfate may also be substituted with Copper(II ...
Substance Formula 0 °C 10 °C 20 °C 30 °C 40 °C 50 °C 60 °C 70 °C 80 °C 90 °C 100 °C Barium acetate: Ba(C 2 H 3 O 2) 2: 58.8: 62: 72: 75: 78.5: 77: 75