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Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari (Persian: علی ابن سهل ربن طبری آملی; c. 838 – c. 870 CE; also given as 810–855 [1] or 808–864 [2] also 783–858 [3]), was a Persian [4] [5] Muslim scholar, physician and psychologist, who produced one of the first Islamic encyclopedia of medicine titled Firdaws al-Hikmah ("Paradise of Wisdom").
Africa. Democratic Republic of the Congo; Egypt; Ethiopia; Ghana; Mali; Nigeria; Senegal; South Africa; Albania; Australia; Bangladesh; Canada; China; Denmark ...
Butler's teachings also included hostility towards Islam and skepticism of science. [12] Multiple ex-members of SIF have described it as a "cult"; Butler was "akin to a God" and not willing to be questioned. [4] [12] [13] They say Butler regularly mocked his devotees, publicly, calling it "a form of Krishna’s mercy". [2]
Kelly believed in a non-invasive or non-directive approach to psychotherapy.Rather than having the therapist interpret the person's psyche, which would amount to imposing the doctor's constructs on the patient, the therapist should just act as a facilitator of the patient finding his or her own constructs.
At the point of its conception, the SCOT approach was partly motivated by the ideas of the strong programme in the sociology of science (Bloor 1973). In their seminal article, Pinch and Bijker refer to the Principle of Symmetry as the most influential tenet of the Sociology of Science, which should be applied in historical and sociological investigations of technology as well.
Edmund Gustav Albrecht Husserl (/ ˈ h ʊ s ɜːr l / HUUSS-url; [14] US also / ˈ h ʊ s ər əl / HUUSS-ər-əl, [15] German: [ˈɛtmʊnt ˈhʊsɐl]; [16] 8 April 1859 – 27 April 1938 [17]) was an Austrian-German philosopher and mathematician who established the school of phenomenology.
Unlike contemporary scholarship, which relied on traditions and historical narratives from early Islam, Ibn Taymiyya's methodology was a mixture of the selective use of hadith and a literal understanding of the Quran. [225] [226] He rejected most philosophical approaches to Islam and proposed a clear, simple and dogmatic theology instead. [225]
The prophets of Islam, according to Rumi, constitute the highest point of spiritual development and are the closest to God. Throughout Rumi's writings, Muhammad is the most perfect example of all previous prophets. [81] Despite Rumi's explicit adherence to Islam, there are traces of religious pluralism throughout his work.