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The maxillary artery, the larger of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery, arises behind the neck of the mandible, and is at first imbedded in the substance of the parotid gland; it passes forward between the ramus of the mandible and the sphenomandibular ligament, and then runs, either superficial or deep to the lateral pterygoid muscle, to the pterygopalatine fossa.
The sphenopalatine artery is the artery commonly responsible for epistaxis (difficult to control bleeding of the nasal cavity, especially the posterior nasal cavity). [3] In severe nose bleed cases which do not stop after intense packing of anti-clotting agents, the sphenopalatine artery can be ligated (clipped and then cut) during open surgery ...
the greater palatine artery, a branch of the maxillary artery, a branch of the external carotid artery. [1] [2] a septal branch of the superior labial artery, a branch of the facial artery, a branch of the external carotid artery. [1] [2] a posterior ethmoidal artery, a branch of the ophthalmic artery, a branch of the internal carotid artery. [1]
The greater palatine artery is a branch of the descending palatine artery (a terminal branch of the maxillary artery) and contributes to the blood supply of the hard palate and nasal septum. Course [ edit ]
The deep temporal arteries anastomose with the middle temporal artery. The anterior artery communicates with the lacrimal artery [1] by means of small branches which perforate the zygomatic bone and greater wing of the sphenoid bone. It may also communicate with the ophthalmic artery, a branch of the internal carotid artery. [1]
It descends through the greater palatine canal with the greater and lesser palatine branches of the pterygopalatine ganglion, and, emerging from the greater palatine foramen, runs forward in a groove on the medial side of the alveolar border of the hard palate to the incisive canal; the terminal branch of the artery passes upward through this canal to anastomose with the sphenopalatine artery.
The facial artery arises in the carotid triangle from the external carotid artery, [1] [2] a little above the lingual artery, and sheltered by the ramus of the mandible.It passes obliquely up beneath the digastric and stylohyoid muscles, over which it arches to enter a groove on the posterior surface of the submandibular gland.
Branches of the ophthalmic artery – the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries supply the roof, upper bony septum, and ethmoidal and frontal sinuses. The anterior ethmoidal artery also helps to supply the lower septal cartilage. [3] Another branch is the dorsal nasal artery a terminal branch that supplies the skin of the alae and dorsum.